Design Methods of Underwater Grounding Electrode Array by Considering Inter-Electrode Interference for Floating PVs

An optimal design method is proposed in this paper to improve the safety and price competitiveness of floating photovoltaic (PV) systems. From the standards for grounding by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 60364, the Electrical Equipment Technology Standards (EETS) are set up for...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Energies (Basel) 2018-04, Vol.11 (4), p.982
Main Authors: Bhang, Byeong, Kim, Gyu, Cha, Hae, Kim, David, Choi, Jin, Park, So, Ahn, Hyung
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Competitiveness
Design
Electric potential
Electrical equipment
Electrical grounding
Electrodes
Floating
floating PVs
High voltage
High voltages
inter-electrode interference
International standards
Photovoltaics
Solar cells
Underwater
underwater grounding electrode array
Voltage
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Summary:An optimal design method is proposed in this paper to improve the safety and price competitiveness of floating photovoltaic (PV) systems. From the standards for grounding by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 60364, the Electrical Equipment Technology Standards (EETS) are set up for the grounding resistance to be less than or equal to 10 Ω for high voltage (above 750 V DC) and extra high voltage (above 7000 V) systems. In order to satisfy this criterion, a parallel connection of grounding electrodes is essential in the system. Furthermore, inter-electrode interference should be considered to reflect the resistance increase due to the potential increase between electrodes. Therefore, in this study, the parallel grounding resistance according to the distance and number of electrodes, as well as the arrangement method were theoretically predicted and compared with the measured values. For the first time, the design of grounding electrodes has been applied to real floating PV systems and is expected to satisfy EETS.
ISSN:1996-1073
1996-1073
DOI:10.3390/en11040982