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Action of silicon on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and on physiological mechanisms mitigates water deficit in sugarcane and energy cane plants

Production of sugarcane and more recently of energy cane strengthen renewable bioenergy production capacity. However, droughts resulting from climate change have limited the production of these crops. One of the strategies to attenuate water deficit damage in these crops is the use of silicate, whic...

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Published in:Scientific reports 2022-10, Vol.12 (1), p.17487-18, Article 17487
Main Authors: Teixeira, Gelza Carliane Marques, de Prado, Renato Mello, Rocha, Antonio Márcio Souza, de Oliveira Filho, Antonio Santana Batista, da Sousa Junior, Gilmar Silveira, Gratão, Priscila Lupino
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description Production of sugarcane and more recently of energy cane strengthen renewable bioenergy production capacity. However, droughts resulting from climate change have limited the production of these crops. One of the strategies to attenuate water deficit damage in these crops is the use of silicate, which contributes to plant physiology. This strategy is likely to increase water use efficiency, thus promoting crop sustainability. Notwithstanding, studies on this issue are still incipient. This study assesses whether Si applied via fertigation and foliar spraying in the seedling production phase and as a complement after seedling transplanting to the soil is efficient in attenuating water deficit in sugarcane and energy cane. The study further elucidates physiological and biochemical mechanisms involved in this process. For this, the authors conducted two experiments: one with sugarcane and the other with energy cane. Treatments were arranged in randomized blocks with 5 replications, in a 2 × 2 factorial scheme. Factors consisted of the absence (-Si) and presence of Si (+ Si) applied via fertigation and foliar spraying; and two water regimes: 70% (without water deficit) and 30% (severe water deficit) of the soil water retention capacity. Silicon was supplied during the formation phase of presprouted seedlings and during the transplanting of seedlings to pots filled with samples of Entisol (Quartzipsamment). In these pots, water regimes were induced from 7 to 160 days after transplanting. Severe water deficit reduced the water content and water potential of plants. This situation induced oxidative stress and impaired gas exchange and photosynthetic water use efficiency, reducing plant growth. Silicon supply via fertigation in association with foliar spraying in the seedling formation phase with complementation after transplanting was efficient in increasing Si accumulation in the plants. Silicon was effective in attenuating severe water deficit damage up to initial culm formation through mechanisms that maintain water and physiological balance by favoring the antioxidant defense system in sugarcane and energy cane plants.
doi_str_mv 10.1038/s41598-022-21680-9
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subjects 631/449
631/449/1736
631/449/2661
Antioxidants
Antioxidants - pharmacology
Canes
Climate change
Crop damage
Crops
Drought
Edible Grain
Energy
Fertigation
Foliar applications
Gas exchange
Humanities and Social Sciences
Moisture content
multidisciplinary
Oxidative stress
Physiology
Plant growth
Plant physiology
Retention capacity
Saccharum
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Seedlings
Silicates - pharmacology
Silicon
Silicon - pharmacology
Soil - chemistry
Soil water
Spraying
Sugarcane
Water - pharmacology
Water content
Water deficit
Water potential
Water regimes
Water use
Water use efficiency
title Action of silicon on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and on physiological mechanisms mitigates water deficit in sugarcane and energy cane plants
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