Potential of Bacteriocins from Lactobacillus taiwanensis for Producing Bacterial Ghosts as a Next Generation Vaccine

• Published in: Toxins 2020-07, Vol.12 (7), p.432
• Main Authors: Kim, Sam Woong, Ha, Yeon Jo, Bang, Kyu Ho, Lee, Seungki, Yeo, Joo-Hong, Yang, Hee-Sun, Kim, Tae-Won, Lee, Kyu Pil, Bang, Woo Young
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: AMPs; Anti-Bacterial Agents - metabolism; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Antifungal Agents - metabolism; Antifungal Agents - pharmacology; Antiinfectives and antibacterials; Antimicrobial activity; Antimicrobial agents; Antimicrobial peptides; Bacteria; Bacteria - drug effects; Bacteria - growth & development; Bacteria - ultrastructure; bacterial ghost; bacteriocin; Bacteriocins; Bacteriocins - genetics; Bacteriocins - metabolism; Bacteriocins - pharmacology; Cloning; Critical components; E coli; Endopeptidase K; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acids; Gene sequencing; Genomes; Ghosts; Gram-negative bacteria; Gram-positive bacteria; Lactobacillus; Lactobacillus - genetics; Lactobacillus - metabolism; Lactobacillus taiwanensis; Lysis; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microorganisms; Peptides; Pore formation; Proteinase; Proteins; Saccharomyces cerevisiae - drug effects; Saccharomyces cerevisiae - growth & development; Salmonella; Scanning electron microscopy; Toxins; Vaccines; Vaccines - genetics; Vaccines - metabolism; Vaccines - pharmacology; Whole genome sequencing
• ISSN: 2072-6651; 2072-6651
• DOI: 10.3390/toxins12070432

Bacteriocins are functionally diverse toxins produced by most microbes and are potent antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) for bacterial ghosts as next generation vaccines. Here, we first report that the AMPs secreted from effectively form ghosts of pathogenic bacteria and are identified as diverse bacteriocins, including novel ones. In detail, a cell-free supernatant from exhibited antimicrobial activities against pathogenic bacteria and was observed to effectively cause cellular lysis through pore formation in the bacterial membrane using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The treatment of the cell-free supernatant with proteinase K or EDTA proved that the antimicrobial activity is mediated by AMPs, and the purification of AMPs using Sep-Pak columns indicated that the cell-free supernatant includes various amphipathic peptides responsible for the antimicrobial activity. Furthermore, the whole-genome sequencing of revealed that the strain has diverse bacteriocins, confirmed experimentally to function as AMPs, and among them are three novel bacteriocins, designated as Tan 1, Tan 2, and Tan 3. We also confirmed, using SEM, that Tan 2 effectively produces bacterial ghosts. Therefore, our data suggest that the bacteriocins from are potentially useful as a critical component for the preparation of bacterial ghosts.