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Use of Thoracic Ultrasonography to Improve Disease Detection in Experimental BRD Infection
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is caused by complex interactions between viral and bacterial pathogens, host immune status, and environmental stressors. In both clinical and research settings, current methods for detecting BRD in calves commonly focus on visual indicators such as attitude, nasal d...
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Published in: | Frontiers in veterinary science 2021-12, Vol.8, p.763972 |
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description | Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is caused by complex interactions between viral and bacterial pathogens, host immune status, and environmental stressors. In both clinical and research settings, current methods for detecting BRD in calves commonly focus on visual indicators such as attitude, nasal discharge, and cough, in addition to vital signs such as rectal temperature and respiration rate. Recently, thoracic ultrasonography (TUS) has become more commonly used in clinical settings, in addition to physical examination to diagnose BRD. To assess the value of performing TUS during experimental BRD infection, 32 calves were challenged with bovine respiratory syncytial virus, to mimic a viral infection, and 30 calves were infected with
, to mimic a bacterial infection. TUS was performed at regular intervals using a standardized method and scoring system in addition to daily clinical scoring. Although overall correlations between clinical scores and TUS scores were generally weak (maximum R
= 0.3212), TUS identified calves with abnormal lung pathology that would have otherwise been misclassified on the basis of clinical scoring alone, both on arrival and throughout the studies. In addition, TUS had an increased correlation with gross lung pathology on necropsy (maximum R
= 0.5903), as compared to clinical scoring (maximum R
= 0.3352). Our results suggest that TUS can provide additional information on calf health at enrollment and throughout a study and may provide an alternative to terminal studies, due to the high correlation with lung pathology at necropsy. |
doi_str_mv | 10.3389/fvets.2021.763972 |
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, to mimic a bacterial infection. TUS was performed at regular intervals using a standardized method and scoring system in addition to daily clinical scoring. Although overall correlations between clinical scores and TUS scores were generally weak (maximum R
= 0.3212), TUS identified calves with abnormal lung pathology that would have otherwise been misclassified on the basis of clinical scoring alone, both on arrival and throughout the studies. In addition, TUS had an increased correlation with gross lung pathology on necropsy (maximum R
= 0.5903), as compared to clinical scoring (maximum R
= 0.3352). Our results suggest that TUS can provide additional information on calf health at enrollment and throughout a study and may provide an alternative to terminal studies, due to the high correlation with lung pathology at necropsy.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2297-1769</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2297-1769</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.763972</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34970615</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: Frontiers Media S.A</publisher><subject>bovine respiratory disease ; calves ; clinical scoring ; pneumonia ; thoracic ultrasonography ; Veterinary Science</subject><ispartof>Frontiers in veterinary science, 2021-12, Vol.8, p.763972</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2021 Porter, McDonald, Slate, Kreuder and McGill.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2021 Porter, McDonald, Slate, Kreuder and McGill. 2021 Porter, McDonald, Slate, Kreuder and McGill</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c465t-83fcabbed9d471df9a4428a9451508fa5f2109ca2a390a487bf0daa129a8f82d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c465t-83fcabbed9d471df9a4428a9451508fa5f2109ca2a390a487bf0daa129a8f82d3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8712425/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8712425/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34970615$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Porter, Madison M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McDonald, Paiton O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Slate, Jamison R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kreuder, Amanda J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McGill, Jodi L</creatorcontrib><title>Use of Thoracic Ultrasonography to Improve Disease Detection in Experimental BRD Infection</title><title>Frontiers in veterinary science</title><addtitle>Front Vet Sci</addtitle><description>Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is caused by complex interactions between viral and bacterial pathogens, host immune status, and environmental stressors. In both clinical and research settings, current methods for detecting BRD in calves commonly focus on visual indicators such as attitude, nasal discharge, and cough, in addition to vital signs such as rectal temperature and respiration rate. Recently, thoracic ultrasonography (TUS) has become more commonly used in clinical settings, in addition to physical examination to diagnose BRD. To assess the value of performing TUS during experimental BRD infection, 32 calves were challenged with bovine respiratory syncytial virus, to mimic a viral infection, and 30 calves were infected with
, to mimic a bacterial infection. TUS was performed at regular intervals using a standardized method and scoring system in addition to daily clinical scoring. Although overall correlations between clinical scores and TUS scores were generally weak (maximum R
= 0.3212), TUS identified calves with abnormal lung pathology that would have otherwise been misclassified on the basis of clinical scoring alone, both on arrival and throughout the studies. In addition, TUS had an increased correlation with gross lung pathology on necropsy (maximum R
= 0.5903), as compared to clinical scoring (maximum R
= 0.3352). Our results suggest that TUS can provide additional information on calf health at enrollment and throughout a study and may provide an alternative to terminal studies, due to the high correlation with lung pathology at necropsy.</description><subject>bovine respiratory disease</subject><subject>calves</subject><subject>clinical scoring</subject><subject>pneumonia</subject><subject>thoracic ultrasonography</subject><subject>Veterinary Science</subject><issn>2297-1769</issn><issn>2297-1769</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNpVkdtKAzEQhoMoWtQH8EbyAq05bZPcCNp6KBQEsTfehNls0m7ZbpZkLfr2bl0t9Sohk_-bGT6ErigZca70jd-6No0YYXQkx1xLdoQGjGk5pHKsjw_uZ-gypTUhhGZCckVO0RkXWpIxzQbofZEcDh6_rUIEW1q8qNoIKdRhGaFZfeE24NmmiWHr8LRMDrrvU9c625ahxmWNHz4bF8uNq1uo8P3rFM9q31cv0ImHKrnL3_McLR4f3ibPw_nL02xyNx9aMc7aoeLeQp67QhdC0sJrEIIp0CKjGVEeMs8o0RYYcE1AKJl7UgBQpkF5xQp-jmY9twiwNk03DMQvE6A0Pw8hLg3EtrSVM4oLyKwDIgkVLHc7nGXccdJxrPcd67ZnNR_5xhW2WytC9Q_6v1KXK7MMW6MkZYJlHYD2ABtDStH5fZYSs_NmfryZnTfTe-sy14dN94k_S_wb96WXBA</recordid><startdate>20211214</startdate><enddate>20211214</enddate><creator>Porter, Madison M</creator><creator>McDonald, Paiton O</creator><creator>Slate, Jamison R</creator><creator>Kreuder, Amanda J</creator><creator>McGill, Jodi L</creator><general>Frontiers Media S.A</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20211214</creationdate><title>Use of Thoracic Ultrasonography to Improve Disease Detection in Experimental BRD Infection</title><author>Porter, Madison M ; McDonald, Paiton O ; Slate, Jamison R ; Kreuder, Amanda J ; McGill, Jodi L</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c465t-83fcabbed9d471df9a4428a9451508fa5f2109ca2a390a487bf0daa129a8f82d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>bovine respiratory disease</topic><topic>calves</topic><topic>clinical scoring</topic><topic>pneumonia</topic><topic>thoracic ultrasonography</topic><topic>Veterinary Science</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Porter, Madison M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McDonald, Paiton O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Slate, Jamison R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kreuder, Amanda J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McGill, Jodi L</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Frontiers in veterinary science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Porter, Madison M</au><au>McDonald, Paiton O</au><au>Slate, Jamison R</au><au>Kreuder, Amanda J</au><au>McGill, Jodi L</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Use of Thoracic Ultrasonography to Improve Disease Detection in Experimental BRD Infection</atitle><jtitle>Frontiers in veterinary science</jtitle><addtitle>Front Vet Sci</addtitle><date>2021-12-14</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>8</volume><spage>763972</spage><pages>763972-</pages><issn>2297-1769</issn><eissn>2297-1769</eissn><abstract>Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is caused by complex interactions between viral and bacterial pathogens, host immune status, and environmental stressors. In both clinical and research settings, current methods for detecting BRD in calves commonly focus on visual indicators such as attitude, nasal discharge, and cough, in addition to vital signs such as rectal temperature and respiration rate. Recently, thoracic ultrasonography (TUS) has become more commonly used in clinical settings, in addition to physical examination to diagnose BRD. To assess the value of performing TUS during experimental BRD infection, 32 calves were challenged with bovine respiratory syncytial virus, to mimic a viral infection, and 30 calves were infected with
, to mimic a bacterial infection. TUS was performed at regular intervals using a standardized method and scoring system in addition to daily clinical scoring. Although overall correlations between clinical scores and TUS scores were generally weak (maximum R
= 0.3212), TUS identified calves with abnormal lung pathology that would have otherwise been misclassified on the basis of clinical scoring alone, both on arrival and throughout the studies. In addition, TUS had an increased correlation with gross lung pathology on necropsy (maximum R
= 0.5903), as compared to clinical scoring (maximum R
= 0.3352). Our results suggest that TUS can provide additional information on calf health at enrollment and throughout a study and may provide an alternative to terminal studies, due to the high correlation with lung pathology at necropsy.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>Frontiers Media S.A</pub><pmid>34970615</pmid><doi>10.3389/fvets.2021.763972</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | bovine respiratory disease calves clinical scoring pneumonia thoracic ultrasonography Veterinary Science |
title | Use of Thoracic Ultrasonography to Improve Disease Detection in Experimental BRD Infection |
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