Dietary Intake, Body Composition, and Menstrual Cycle Changes during Competition Preparation and Recovery in a Drug-Free Figure Competitor: A Case Study

Physique competitions are events in which competitors are judged on muscular appearance and symmetry. The purpose of this retrospective case study was to describe changes in dietary intake, body mass/composition, and the menstrual cycle during the 20-week competition preparation (PREP) and 20-week p...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2016-11, Vol.8 (11), p.740
Main Authors: Halliday, Tanya M, Loenneke, Jeremy P, Davy, Brenda M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Absorptiometry, Photon
Adiposity
Adult
amenorrhea
Amenorrhea - etiology
Amenorrhea - physiopathology
Athletes
Body Composition
Body fat
Body mass index
bodybuilders
Bodybuilding
Caloric Restriction - adverse effects
Case Report
competition preparation
competition recovery
Competitive Behavior
Diet - adverse effects
Dietary Carbohydrates - administration & dosage
Dietary Proteins - administration & dosage
dieting
Energy
energy availability
Energy Intake
Exercise
Female
Food
Humans
Menstrual Cycle
Menstruation
Nutrients
Nutrition
Nutritional Status
Physical Conditioning, Human - methods
Physiology
physique athletes
Retrospective Studies
Skating
Skinfold Thickness
Time Factors
Training
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Summary:Physique competitions are events in which competitors are judged on muscular appearance and symmetry. The purpose of this retrospective case study was to describe changes in dietary intake, body mass/composition, and the menstrual cycle during the 20-week competition preparation (PREP) and 20-week post competition recovery (REC) periods of a drug-free amateur female figure competitor (age = 26-27, BMI = 19.5 kg/m²). Dietary intake (via weighed food records) and body mass were assessed daily and averaged weekly. Body composition was estimated via Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and 7-site skinfold measurements. Energy intake, body mass and composition, and energy availability decreased during the 20-week PREP period (changes of ~298 kcals, 5.1 kg, 6.5% body fat, and 5.4 kcal/kg fat free mass, respectively) and returned to baseline values by end of the 20-week REC period. Menstrual cycle irregularity was reported within the first month of PREP and the last menstruation was reported at week 11 of PREP. Given the potentially adverse health outcomes associated with caloric restriction, future, prospective cohort studies on the physiological response to PREP and REC are warranted in drug-free, female physique competitors.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu8110740