Lactobacillus rhamnosus CY12 Enhances Intestinal Barrier Function by Regulating Tight Junction Protein Expression, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation Response in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Caco-2 Cells

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences 2022-09, Vol.23 (19), p.11162
• Main Authors: Zheng, Juanshan, Ahmad, Anum Ali, Yang, Yayuan, Liang, Zeyi, Shen, Wenxiang, Feng, Min, Shen, Jiahao, Lan, Xianyong, Ding, Xuezhi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Antioxidants; Antioxidants - metabolism; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Apoptosis; Caco-2 Cells; Catalase; Catalase - metabolism; Claudins - metabolism; Cytokines; Cytotoxicity; Enzymes; Gene expression; Glutathione peroxidase; Glutathione Peroxidase - metabolism; Humans; Inflammation; Inflammatory bowel disease; Inflammatory bowel diseases; Inflammatory diseases; Injury prevention; Interleukin 6; Interleukin 8; Interleukin-1beta - metabolism; Interleukin-6 - metabolism; Interleukin-8 - metabolism; intestinal inflammation; intestinal tight junction barrier; Intestine; L-Lactate dehydrogenase; Lactate dehydrogenase; Lactate Dehydrogenases - metabolism; Lactic acid; Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus - metabolism; Lactobacilli; Lactobacillus rhamnosus; lipopolysaccharide; Lipopolysaccharides; Lipopolysaccharides - pharmacology; Molecular modelling; NF-kappa B - metabolism; NF-κB protein; Occludin - genetics; Occludin - metabolism; Oxidative Stress; Pathogens; Peroxidase; Probiotics; Proteins; Reactive Oxygen Species; RNA, Messenger - metabolism; Signal transduction; Superoxide dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism; Tight Junction Proteins - metabolism; TLR4 protein; Toll-Like Receptor 4 - metabolism; Toll-like receptors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism; Tumor necrosis factor-α; Zonula occludens-1 protein
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911162

The intestinal barrier is vital for preventing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The objectives of this study were to assess whether the Lactobacillus rhamnosus CY12 could alleviate oxidative stress, inflammation, and the disruption of tight junction (TJ) barrier functions induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and therefore to explore the potential underlying molecular mechanisms. Our results showed that LPS-induced Cancer coli-2 (Caco-2) cells significantly increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lactate dehydrogenase, inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α), and the cell apoptosis rate while decreasing the levels of TJ proteins occludin, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), and claudin and antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase(CAT, SOD, and GSH-Px) (p < 0.05). However, Lactobacillus rhamnosus CY12 could relieve cytotoxicity, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and pro-inflammatory cytokine expressions, and also inhibit the Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor kappa-B(TLR4/NF-κB) signaling pathway. Furthermore, the gene expression of antioxidant enzymes, as well as the mRNA and protein expressions of TJ proteins, was improved. Particularly, the concentration of 108 cfu/mL significantly prevented the inflammatory injury induced by LPS in Caco-2 cells (p < 0.05). These findings support a potential application of Lactobacillus rhamnosus CY12 as a probiotic to prevent LPS-induced intestinal injury and treat intestinal barrier dysfunction.