Epigenetic disturbances in obesity and diabetes: Epidemiological and functional insights

Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are major public health issues worldwide, and put a significant burden on the healthcare system. Genetic variants, along with traditional risk factors such as diet and physical activity, could account for up to approximately a quarter of disease risk. Epigenetic fac...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecular metabolism (Germany) 2019-09, Vol.27 (Suppl), p.S33-S41
Main Authors: Loh, Marie, Zhou, Li, Ng, Hong Kiat, Chambers, John Campbell
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - genetics
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism
DNA methylation
Epigenesis, Genetic - genetics
Epigenetics
Humans
Obesity
Obesity - epidemiology
Obesity - genetics
Obesity - metabolism
Review
Type 2 diabetes
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are major public health issues worldwide, and put a significant burden on the healthcare system. Genetic variants, along with traditional risk factors such as diet and physical activity, could account for up to approximately a quarter of disease risk. Epigenetic factors have demonstrated potential in accounting for additional phenotypic variation, along with providing insights into the causal relationship linking genetic variants to phenotypes. In this review article, we discuss the epidemiological and functional insights into epigenetic disturbances in obesity and diabetes, along with future research directions and approaches, with a focus on DNA methylation. Epigenetic mechanisms have been shown to contribute to obesity and T2D disease development, as well as potential differences in disease risks between ethnic populations. Technology to investigate epigenetic profiles in diseased individuals and tissues has advanced significantly in the last years, and suggests potential in application of epigenetic factors in clinical monitoring and as therapeutic options. •Aberrance in epigenetics associated with metabolic disturbances.•Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing provides improved coverage at lower precision relative to arrays.•Demethylating therapies could play a role in future obesity and diabetes treatment.
ISSN:2212-8778
2212-8778
DOI:10.1016/j.molmet.2019.06.011