Mitral valve leaflet blood cyst treated with minimally invasive approach: a case report and review of literature

• Published in: Journal of cardiothoracic surgery 2024-01, Vol.19 (1), p.30-5, Article 30
• Main Authors: Masroor, Matiullah, Xie, Ting, Yang, Dayan, Lin, Shengxiong, Dong, Nianguo, Liu, Fujin, Wu, Long
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adults; Aged; Asymptomatic; Benign heart tumors; Blood; Blood clots; Blood vessels; Cardiac blood cyst; Case Report; Computed tomography; Cysts; Cysts - diagnosis; Cysts - surgery; Diagnosis; Differential diagnosis; Dyspnea; Echocardiography; Fecal incontinence; Health aspects; Heart; Heart valve diseases; Heart valves; Hemangioma; Hemodynamics; Histopathology; Humans; Literature reviews; Male; Minimally invasive surgery; Mitral valve; Mitral Valve - diagnostic imaging; Mitral Valve - surgery; Mitral Valve Annuloplasty - methods; Mitral Valve Insufficiency - surgery; Patients; Regurgitation; Stroke; Surgery; Tightness; Tumors; Ultrasonic imaging; Valve leaflets; Vascular implants
• ISSN: 1749-8090; 1749-8090
• DOI: 10.1186/s13019-024-02493-5

Cardiac blood cyst is a very rare benign tumor of the heart in adults. Though it is very common in the first half year of life, it regresses with time and its occurrence is very rare in children older than six months and in adults. Until now less than 100 valvular blood cyst cases have been reported in adults. We present a case of a 66-year-old male who presented to us with exertional chest tightness, shortness of breath, and right leg weakness for two weeks. He was diagnosed with a cardiac mass two months ago in another hospital. The physical examination was unremarkable. Abdominal ultrasound showed a cyst in the liver and left kidney. Echocardiography showed a mass-occupying lesion of a cystic nature in the mitral valve with moderate mitral regurgitation. Based on echocardiography findings and computed tomography report, the preliminary diagnosis of mitral valve cystic tumor was made. The patient underwent minimally invasive resection of the cyst. The posterior mitral cusp was repaired and a mitral annuloplasty ring was placed. The postoperative recovery was uneventful. The histopathology report confirmed the diagnosis of a cardiac blood cyst. The patient was followed up for six months without any complications. This case is presented to enrich the medical literature on the cardiac blood cyst. Although a cardiac blood cyst is a rare entity in adults, it still should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cardiac tumors. Because the natural history and hemodynamic effects are very diverse, large symptomatic cardiac blood cysts, especially in the left heart should be resected to avoid complications.