Physiological Importance of Molybdate Transporter Family 1 in Feeding the Molybdenum Cofactor Biosynthesis Pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana

Molybdate uptake and molybdenum cofactor (Moco) biosynthesis were investigated in detail in the last few decades. The present study critically reviews our present knowledge about eukaryotic molybdate transporters (MOT) and focuses on the model plant , complementing it with new experiments, filling m...

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Published in:Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2022-05, Vol.27 (10), p.3158
Main Authors: Minner-Meinen, Rieke, Weber, Jan-Niklas, Kistner, Sarah, Meyfarth, Paul, Saudhof, Merve, van den Hout, Lena, Schulze, Jutta, Mendel, Ralf-Rainer, Hänsch, Robert, Kaufholdt, David
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arabidopsis thaliana
Bacteria
Biosynthesis
Dehydrogenases
Enzymatic activity
Enzyme activity
Enzymes
GUS-staining
Homeostasis
hydroponic
Imports
Legumes
localisation
Localization
Molybdate
molybdate supply
molybdate transporter
Molybdenum
Physiology
Protein interaction
Proteins
Senescence
Sequestering
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Summary:Molybdate uptake and molybdenum cofactor (Moco) biosynthesis were investigated in detail in the last few decades. The present study critically reviews our present knowledge about eukaryotic molybdate transporters (MOT) and focuses on the model plant , complementing it with new experiments, filling missing gaps, and clarifying contradictory results in the literature. Two molybdate transporters, MOT1.1 and MOT1.2, are known in , but their importance for sufficient molybdate supply to Moco biosynthesis remains unclear. For a better understanding of their physiological functions in molybdate homeostasis, we studied the impact of and knock-out mutants, including a double knock-out on molybdate uptake and Moco-dependent enzyme activity, MOT localisation, and protein-protein interactions. The outcome illustrates different physiological roles for Moco biosynthesis: MOT1.1 is plasma membrane located and its function lies in the efficient absorption of molybdate from soil and its distribution throughout the plant. However, MOT1.1 is not involved in leaf cell imports of molybdate and has no interaction with proteins of the Moco biosynthesis complex. In contrast, the tonoplast-localised transporter MOT1.2 exports molybdate stored in the vacuole and makes it available for re-localisation during senescence. It also supplies the Moco biosynthesis complex with molybdate by direct interaction with molybdenum insertase Cnx1 for controlled and safe sequestering.
ISSN:1420-3049
1420-3049
DOI:10.3390/molecules27103158