Cutting-edge advances in modeling the blood–brain barrier and tools for its reversible permeabilization for enhanced drug delivery into the brain

The bloodâ brain barrier (BBB) is a sophisticated structure whose full functionality is required for maintaining the executive functions of the central nervous system (CNS). Tight control of transport across the barrier means that most drugs, particularly large size, which includes powerful biologic...

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Published in:Cell & bioscience 2023-07, Vol.13 (1), p.137-137, Article 137
Main Authors: Sharma, A., Fernandes, D. C., Reis, R. L., Gołubczyk, D., Neumann, S., Lukomska, B., Miroslaw, J., Kortylewski, M., Walczak, P., Oliveira, Joaquim M., Maciaczyk, J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
BBB
Blood-brain barrier
Brain
Brain cancer
Brain research
Central nervous system
Drug delivery
Drug delivery systems
Drug targets
Drugs
Focused ultrasound
Gender differences
In vitro models
In vivo models
Kinases
Metastases
Mutation
Nervous system diseases
Neurological diseases
Organoid models
Permeability
Proteins
Review
Vehicles
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Summary:The bloodâ brain barrier (BBB) is a sophisticated structure whose full functionality is required for maintaining the executive functions of the central nervous system (CNS). Tight control of transport across the barrier means that most drugs, particularly large size, which includes powerful biologicals, cannot reach their targets in the brain. Notwithstanding the remarkable advances in characterizing the cellular nature of the BBB and consequences of BBB dysfunction in pathology (brain metastasis, neurological diseases), it remains challenging to deliver drugs to the CNS. Herein, we outline the basic architecture and key molecular constituents of the BBB. In addition, we review the current status of approaches that are being explored to temporarily open the BBB in order to allow accumulation of therapeutics in the CNS. Undoubtedly, the major concern in field is whether it is possible to open the BBB in a meaningful way without causing negative consequences. In this context, we have also listed few other important key considerations that can improve our understanding about the dynamics of the BBB. The authors, DCF, RLR and JMO, would like to thank the funds under the project 2IQBIONEURO (reference: 0624_2IQBIONEURO_6_E) co-funded by INTERREG (Atlantic (Atlantic program or 622 V-A Spain-Portugal) and European fund for Regional Development (FEDER). Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.
ISSN:2045-3701
2045-3701
DOI:10.1186/s13578-023-01079-3