Salivary Biomarkers to Differentiate between Streptococcus pneumoniae and Influenza A Virus-Related Pneumonia in Children

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is common among children and can be fatal in certain conditions. In children, CAP can be caused by viral or bacterial infections. Identification of pathogens can help select appropriate therapeutic strategies. Salivary analysis may be a potential diagnostic tool be...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Diagnostics (Basel) 2023-04, Vol.13 (8), p.1468
Main Authors: Tang, Kuo-Shu, Tsai, Chih-Min, Cheng, Ming-Chou, Huang, Ying-Hsien, Chang, Chih-Hao, Yu, Hong-Ren
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adenoviruses
Antigens
Biomarkers
Blood
children
Influenza
influenza A
Laboratories
Pathogens
Pediatrics
Pneumonia
Proteins
Proteomics
saliva
Streptococcus infections
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Urine
Viral infections
Viruses
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Summary:Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is common among children and can be fatal in certain conditions. In children, CAP can be caused by viral or bacterial infections. Identification of pathogens can help select appropriate therapeutic strategies. Salivary analysis may be a potential diagnostic tool because it is noninvasive, patient-friendly, and easy to perform in children. A prospective study was conducted in children with pneumonia admitted to a hospital. Salivary samples from patients with definite and influenza A strains were used for gel-free (isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)) proteomics. No statistically significant difference was detected in salivary CRP levels between and influenza A pneumonia in children. Several potential salivary biomarkers were identified using gel-free iTRAQ proteomics to differentiate pneumonia from or influenza A virus infections in pediatric patients. ELISA validated that group has a higher abundance of salivary alpha 1-antichymotrypsin than those in the influenza A group. Whether these salivary biomarkers can be used to distinguish other bacteria from viral pneumonia requires further verification.
ISSN:2075-4418
2075-4418
DOI:10.3390/diagnostics13081468