Electric Field Induced Drift of Bacterial Protein Toxins of Foodborne Pathogens Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli from Water

• Published in: Applied sciences 2022-12, Vol.12 (24), p.12739
• Main Authors: Bartzis, Vasileios, Batrinou, Anthimia, Sarris, Ioannis E., Konteles, Spyros J., Strati, Irini F., Houhoula, Dimitra
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bacterial proteins; Biomolecules; Boundary conditions; Disease; E coli; electric field; Electric fields; Electrodes; Escherichia coli; Food contamination & poisoning; Foodborne pathogens; ion drift; Pathogens; Positive ions; Proteins; Public health; Shiga toxin; Shiga toxin (Stx2); staphylococcal toxin; Staphylococcus aureus; Surface charge; Toxicosis; Toxins; Virulence; Water purification
• ISSN: 2076-3417; 2076-3417
• DOI: 10.3390/app122412739

Bacterial protein toxins secreted by foodborne pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains, may cause severe toxicosis in humans if present in foods or water and constitute an important public health problem. These toxins are large biomolecules with negative and positive ions due to the ionizable groups in the residual amino acids. An innovative theoretical model of purifying aqueous flowing solutions from ionic toxins is proposed in this study. The principle of the model is based on the drift of the ionic toxins, under the application of the external electric field, towards the walls of the duct, leaving the largest part of the duct with reduced levels of toxin. Parameters, such as toxin concentration, potential and electric field intensity distributions, and surface charge densities, are studied analytically for various duct widths and various external electric fields. The proposed model succeeded to reduce toxin levels by more than 99%, for duct widths less than 1cm, making it suitable for small-scale water purification.