Multivariate Analysis of Influence of Vitamin Intake on Vascular Function Parameters by Sex in the General Spanish Population: EVA Study

• Published in: Nutrients 2020-02, Vol.12 (3), p.643
• Main Authors: Patino-Alonso, Maria C, Gómez Sánchez, Marta, Gómez Sánchez, Leticia, Alonso-Domínguez, Rosario, Sánchez-Aguadero, Natalia, Sánchez Salgado, Benigna, Rodríguez Sánchez, Emiliano, García Ortiz, Luis, Gómez-Marcos, Manuel A
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Age; Age Factors; Aged; Aging; Ankle; Ankle Brachial Index; Blood pressure; Blood Vessels - drug effects; Blood Vessels - physiology; Calciferol; canonical correspondence analysis; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular diseases; Carotenoids; Diet; Female; general population; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mortality; Multiple regression analysis; Multivariate Analysis; Population; Population studies; Pulse Wave Analysis; Random sampling; Reference Standards; Regression analysis; Sex Characteristics; Spain; Statistical sampling; vascular function; Vascular Stiffness - drug effects; Velocity; Vitamin A; Vitamin B12; Vitamin B6; Vitamin D; Vitamin deficiency; Vitamins; Vitamins - pharmacology; vitamins intake; Wave velocity; Womens health
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu12030643

The influence of vitamin intake on vascular function parameters in the Spanish general population has not been studied. The main objective of this study is to analyze the influence of vitamin intake on vascular function and as a secondary objective the adequacy of vitamin intake in a sample of the Spanish population without previous cardiovascular disease and analyze the differences according to sex. Methods: We included 501 individuals obtained by simple random sampling with replacement (reference population 43,946). The average age was 55.90 ± 14.24 years, 49.70% men. Participants recorded the intake of vitamins using the EVIDENT app, previously validated, during a period of 3 days. Vascular function was assessed by measuring carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) with the SphygmoCor device, cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) with the VaSera device and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) by using a validated equation. Results: The vitamins with the least adequate intake was vitamin D, less than 5%, and vitamin B , less than 35%. Vitamins with an adequate intake percentage, close to 100%, were B and B . The multiple regression analysis showed a negative association between cfPWV and vitamin B in both sexes, and a positive one with retinol in men and B in women. baPWV was negatively associated with vitamins B and B in women and B in men, while being positively linked with B in men. CAVI presented a negative association with vitamin D in women. The results were similar in the canonical correspondence analysis. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that the influence of vitamins on vascular function is not homogeneous and varies according to the parameter analyzed. Thus, in men, vitamins B and retinol were associated with cfPWV and vitamins B and B with baPWV. In women, vitamins B and B were related cfPWV, vitamins B and B with cfPWV and vitamin D with CAVI.