Highly deformable and highly fluid vesicles as potential drug delivery systems: theoretical and practical considerations

Vesicles that are specifically designed to overcome the stratum corneum barrier in intact skin provide an efficient transdermal (systemic or local) drug delivery system. They can be classified into two main groups according to the mechanisms underlying their skin interaction. The first group compris...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International Journal of Nanomedicine 2013-01, Vol.8 (1), p.3171-3186
Main Authors: Romero, Eder Lilia, Morilla, Maria Jose
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Administration, Topical
Analysis
Animals
Anti-Inflammatory Agents
Antineoplastic Agents
Cell Line
Drug Carriers
Drug delivery systems
Drugs
Humans
Liposomes
Mice
Nanoparticles
Properties
Rats
Review
Skin Absorption
Transdermal medication
Vehicles
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Summary:Vesicles that are specifically designed to overcome the stratum corneum barrier in intact skin provide an efficient transdermal (systemic or local) drug delivery system. They can be classified into two main groups according to the mechanisms underlying their skin interaction. The first group comprises those possessing highly deformable bilayers, achieved by incorporating edge activators to the bilayers or by mixing with certain hydrophilic solutes. The vesicles of this group act as drug carriers that penetrate across hydrophilic pathways of the intact skin. The second group comprises those possessing highly fluid bilayers, owing to the presence of permeation enhancers. The vesicles of this group can act as carriers of drugs that permeate the skin after the barrier of the stratum corneum is altered because of synergistic action with the permeation enhancers contained in the vesicle structure. We have included a detailed overview of the different mechanisms of skin interaction and discussed the most promising preclinical applications of the last five years of Transfersomes® (IDEA AG, Munich, Germany), ethosomes, and invasomes as carriers of antitumoral and anti-inflammatory drugs applied by the topical route.
ISSN:1178-2013
1176-9114
1178-2013
DOI:10.2147/IJN.S33048