Macronutrients in Parenteral Nutrition: Amino Acids

The right amount and quality of amino acids (AAs) supplied to patients on parenteral nutrition (PN) reduces muscle mass loss, may preserve or even increase it, with significant clinical benefits. Several industrial PN mixtures are available so that nutrition specialists can choose the product closes...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2020-03, Vol.12 (3), p.772
Main Authors: Iacone, Roberto, Scanzano, Clelia, Santarpia, Lidia, Cioffi, Iolanda, Contaldo, Franco, Pasanisi, Fabrizio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
amino acid
amino acid requirement
Amino acids
Amino Acids - therapeutic use
energy requirement
Energy requirements
Enzymes
essential amino acid
Humans
Malnutrition
Muscles
Nitrogen
nitrogen balance
Nutrients - therapeutic use
Nutrition
Nutritional Requirements
Parenteral nutrition
Parenteral Nutrition Solutions - therapeutic use
Parenteral Nutrition, Total
Patients
Physiology
Protein synthesis
Proteins
Review
Surgery
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Summary:The right amount and quality of amino acids (AAs) supplied to patients on parenteral nutrition (PN) reduces muscle mass loss, may preserve or even increase it, with significant clinical benefits. Several industrial PN mixtures are available so that nutrition specialists can choose the product closest to the patient's needs. In selected cases, there is the possibility of personalizing compounded mixtures in a hospital pharmacy that completely meets the individual nutritional needs of PN patients. This narrative review deals with the AA solutions used in PN mixtures. The physiology, the methods to calculate the AA needs, and the AA and energy requirements suggested by scientific guidelines for each patient type are also reported.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu12030772