The Effect of a Bacillus Probiotic and Essential Oils Compared to an Ionophore on the Rumen Microbiome Composition of Feedlot Cattle

The rising concern of antibiotic growth promoter use in livestock has necessitated the investigation into alternative feed additives. The effect of a probiotic and essential oils to an ionophore on the rumen microbiome composition of Bonsmara bulls raised under feedlot conditions was compared. Forty...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Animals (Basel) 2023-09, Vol.13 (18), p.2927
Main Authors: Linde, Dina A., Schokker, Dirkjan, du Toit, Cornelius J. L., Ramkilawon, Gopika D., van Marle-Köster, Este
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
amplicon sequencing
Animals
Antibiotics
Bacteria
Bonsmara
Diet
Fatty acids
feed additives
Feeds
Fermentation
Gram-positive bacteria
intensive feeding
Microbiota
Microorganisms
Oils & fats
Probiotics
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Summary:The rising concern of antibiotic growth promoter use in livestock has necessitated the investigation into alternative feed additives. The effect of a probiotic and essential oils to an ionophore on the rumen microbiome composition of Bonsmara bulls raised under feedlot conditions was compared. Forty-eight Bonsmara weaners were allocated to four groups: a group with basal diet (CON) and three groups supplemented with monensin (MON), probiotic (PRO), and essential oils (EO). During the 120 days feeding period, rumen content was collected from four animals per group within each phase via a stomach tube for 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing as well as volatile fatty acid analysis. In the starter phase, MON had a significantly lower acetate to propionate ratio and a higher Succinivibrionaceae abundance. The abundance of Lachnospiraceae was significantly higher in EO compared to MON. In the finisher phase, PRO had a significantly higher bacterial diversity. The alpha diversity did not differ between the fungal populations of the groups. The abundance of Proteobacteria was the lowest in PRO compared to the other groups. Limited variation was observed between the rumen microbiome composition of monensin compared to the other treatment groups, indicating that these alternatives can be considered.
ISSN:2076-2615
2076-2615
DOI:10.3390/ani13182927