Leaf anatomy of orchids micropropagated with different silicon concentrations/Anatomia foliar de orquidea micropropagada com diferentes concentracoes de silicio

• Published in: Acta scientiarum. Agronomy 2012-10, Vol.34 (4), p.413-421
• Main Authors: Soares, Joyce Doria Rodrigues, Pasqual, Moacir, de Araujo, Aparecida Gomes, de Castro, Evaristo Mauro, Pereira, Fabricio Jose, Braga, Francyane Tavares
• Format: Article
• Language: eng ; spa
• Subjects: calcium silicate; cultivo in vitro; in vitro culture; microscopia; microscopy; Orchidaceae; silicato de cálcio
• ISSN: 1679-9275; 1807-8621
• DOI: 10.4025/actasciagron.v34i4.15062

Research on anatomical modifications under in vitro culture is essential to the definition and understanding of the development of micropropagated plants. Likewise, such research is essential to improve the steps of the acclimatization process. Accordingly, the objective of the present study is to verify the differences in the leaves anatomical traits of micropropagated orchids under calcium silicate concentrations. Seedlings of in vitro-germinated seeds, measuring 0.5 cm in length, were inoculated in 250 [cm.sup.3] pots with 60 mL MS culture medium and different silicon concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg [L.sup.-1]) in different culture environments (natural environment, in a greenhouse and an artificial environment in a growth chamber) and in all statistical combinations. The pH of the culture medium was fixed at 5.8 ± 0.1 and gelified with 5.5 g [L.sup.-1] of agar before autoclaving at 121°C and 1 atm for 20 min. After 150 days, an anatomical analysis was performed on crosssections of the plant leaves. A complete randomized design was used. Modifications occurred on the plants of those treatments containing silicon compared to those without silicon, and between environment fo artificial and natural light. Plants showed larger growth at the artificial light treatment with 0.5 and 2.0 mg [L.sup.-1] of calcium silicate respectively for the native and hybrid plants Treatments without silicate application induced chlorenchyma and epidermis deformation compared to silicon containing treatments, this effect can affect directly or indirectly plant growth at no silicon conditions. Keywords: microscopy, Orchidaceae, in vitro culture, calcium silicate. A realizacao de pesquisas a respeito das modificacoes anatomicas decorrentes do cultivo in vitro sao fundamentais para o melhor entendimento e elucidacao do desenvolvimento das plantas micropropagadas. Dessa forma, tal pesquisa e essencial para melhorar as etapas do processo de aclimatizacao. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar diferencas nas caracteristicas anatomicas em folhas de orquideas micropropagadas sob concentracoes de silicato de calcio. Plantulas oriundas de sementes germinadas in vitro com aproximadamente 0,5 cm de comprimento foram inoculadas em frascos com capacidade para 250 [cm.sup.3] contendo 60 mL de meio de cultura MS, acrescido de silicato de calcio (0; 0,5; 1,0 e 2,0 mg [L.sup.-1]) em ambientes de cultivo (natural, em casa de vegetacao e artificial e, em sala de cresciment