Spatial and Temporal Variation in Microbial Diversity and Community Structure in a Contaminated Mangrove Wetland

• Published in: Applied sciences 2020-09, Vol.10 (17), p.5850
• Main Authors: Ma, Jiaojiao, Zhou, Ting, Xu, Chunyu, Shen, Dawen, Xu, Songjun, Lin, Chuxia
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 16s rRNA; Analytical chemistry; Bacteria; Bioinformatics; Carbon; Community structure; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; Environmental factors; heavy metal; Heavy metals; Laboratories; mangrove; Megacities; Metals; Metropolitan areas; microbial diversity; Microorganisms; Next-generation sequencing; Nitrogen; Rivers; rRNA 16S; Seasonal variations; Sediment pollution; Soil contamination; Soil investigations; Soil pollution; Soil structure; Soil temperature; Soils; spatial variation; Spatial variations; Taxonomy; Temporal variations; Wetlands
• ISSN: 2076-3417; 2076-3417
• DOI: 10.3390/app10175850

Field and laboratory investigations were conducted to characterize bacterial diversity and community structure in a badly contaminated mangrove wetland adjacent to the metropolitan area of a megacity in subtropical China. Next-generation sequencing technique was used for sequencing the V4–V5 region of the 16s rRNA gene on the Illumina system. Collectively, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Planctomycetes, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the predominant phyla identified in the investigated soils. A significant spatial variation in bacterial diversity and community structure was observed for the investigated mangrove soils. Heavy metal pollution played a key role in reducing the bacterial diversity. The spatial variation in soil-borne heavy metals shaped the spatial variation in bacterial diversity and community structure in the study area. Other environmental factors such as total carbon and total nitrogen in the soils that are affected by seasonal change in temperature could also influence the bacterial abundance, diversity and community structure though the temporal variation was relatively weaker, as compared to spatial variation. The bacterial diversity index was lower in the investigated site than in the comparable reference site with less contaminated status. The community structure in mangrove soils at the current study site was, to a remarkable extent, different from those in the tropical mangrove wetlands around the world.