Identifying co-occurrence and clustering of chronic diseases using latent class analysis: cross-sectional findings from SAGE South Africa Wave 2

ObjectivesTo classify South African adults with chronic health conditions for multimorbidity (MM) risk, and to determine sociodemographic, anthropometric and behavioural factors associated with identified patterns of MM, using data from the WHO’s Study on global AGEing and adult health South Africa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BMJ open 2021-01, Vol.11 (1), p.e041604-e041604
Main Authors: Chidumwa, Glory, Maposa, Innocent, Corso, Barbara, Minicuci, Nadia, Kowal, Paul, Micklesfield, Lisa K, Ware, Lisa Jayne
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Adults
Age
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Aging
Angina pectoris
Arthritis
Asthma
Blood pressure
Chronic Disease
Chronic illnesses
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cluster Analysis
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diabetes
Female
Heart rate
Households
Humans
Hypertension
Latent class analysis
Low income groups
Lung diseases
Male
Measurement techniques
Middle Aged
Prevalence
Principal components analysis
Public Health
Risk Factors
Rural areas
Socioeconomic Factors
South Africa - epidemiology
statistics & research methods
Tobacco
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Summary:ObjectivesTo classify South African adults with chronic health conditions for multimorbidity (MM) risk, and to determine sociodemographic, anthropometric and behavioural factors associated with identified patterns of MM, using data from the WHO’s Study on global AGEing and adult health South Africa Wave 2.DesignNationally representative (for ≥50-year-old adults) cross-sectional study.SettingAdults in South Africa between 2014 and 2015.Participants1967 individuals (men: 623 and women: 1344) aged ≥45 years for whom data on all seven health conditions and socioeconomic, demographic, behavioural, and anthropological information were available.MeasuresMM latent classes.ResultsThe prevalence of MM (coexistence of two or more non-communicable diseases (NCDs)) was 21%. The latent class analysis identified three groups namely: minimal MM risk (83%), concordant (hypertension and diabetes) MM (11%) and discordant (angina, asthma, chronic lung disease, arthritis and depression) MM (6%). Using the minimal MM risk group as the reference, female (relative risk ratio (RRR)=4.57; 95% CI (1.64 to 12.75); p =0.004) and older (RRR=1.08; 95% CI (1.04 to 1.12); p
ISSN:2044-6055
2044-6055
DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041604