Resurgence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Israel, 2001-2012

Cutaneous leishmaniasis has long been endemic in Israel. After a 15-year period of moderate illness rates, reported incidence increased from 0.4 cases per 100,000 population in 2001 to 4.4 cases per 100,000 population in 2012, and the disease emerged in areas where its presence had previously been m...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Emerging infectious diseases 2014-10, Vol.20 (10), p.1605-1611
Main Authors: Gandacu, Dan, Glazer, Yael, Anis, Emilia, Karakis, Isabella, Warshavsky, Bruce, Slater, Paul, Grotto, Itamar
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
cutaneous leishmaniasis
Disease Outbreaks
epidemiology
Female
Health aspects
Humans
Incidence
Infection
Intensive Public Education on Control Measures in Areas of Known Disease Foci Is Required
Israel
Israel - epidemiology
Leishmania
Leishmania - classification
Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous
Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - epidemiology
Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - parasitology
Male
Population Surveillance
resurgence
Set (Psychology)
Time Factors
Young Adult
zoonosis
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Summary:Cutaneous leishmaniasis has long been endemic in Israel. After a 15-year period of moderate illness rates, reported incidence increased from 0.4 cases per 100,000 population in 2001 to 4.4 cases per 100,000 population in 2012, and the disease emerged in areas where its presence had previously been minimal. We analyzed all cases reported to the national surveillance system and found that outbreak patterns revealed an expansion of Leishmania major infections over large areas in the southern part of the country and the occurrence of spatially focused L. tropica outbreaks in the northern part of the country. Outbreaks often followed new construction in populated areas. Further study of factors affecting the transmission of cutaneous leishmaniasis is needed in Israel, as well as the development of effective methods to control the disease, an increase in awareness among health care professionals, and intensive public education regarding control measures in areas of known leishmaniasis foci.
ISSN:1080-6040
1080-6059
DOI:10.3201/eid2010.140182