Zinc in the Brain: Friend or Foe?

Zinc is a trace metal ion in the central nervous system that plays important biological roles, such as in catalysis, structure, and regulation. It contributes to antioxidant function and the proper functioning of the immune system. In view of these characteristics of zinc, it plays an important role...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2020-11, Vol.21 (23), p.8941
Main Authors: Choi, Seunghyuk, Hong, Dae Ki, Choi, Bo Young, Suh, Sang Won
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino acids
Animals
Antioxidants
Apoptosis
brain
Brain - metabolism
Brain - pathology
Brain damage
Brain Diseases - metabolism
Brain Diseases - pathology
Catalysis
Cell cycle
Cell division
Cell growth
Cell proliferation
Central nervous system
Central Nervous System - metabolism
Central Nervous System - pathology
Convulsions & seizures
Cytokines
Degeneration
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA methylation
Enzymes
Gene expression
Growth hormones
Humans
Immune system
Insulin-like growth factors
Kinases
Ligands
Metal ions
Minerals - metabolism
Nervous System Diseases - metabolism
Nervous System Diseases - pathology
Neuroblastoma
Neurodegeneration
Neurogenesis
Neurological diseases
Neurons - metabolism
Neurons - pathology
Neurophysiology
Neurotoxicity
Nutrient deficiency
pathophysiology
Physiology
Pituitary gland
Protein synthesis
Proteins
Review
RNA polymerase
Signal transduction
Trace Elements - metabolism
Trace metals
Transcription factors
Zinc
Zinc - metabolism
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Summary:Zinc is a trace metal ion in the central nervous system that plays important biological roles, such as in catalysis, structure, and regulation. It contributes to antioxidant function and the proper functioning of the immune system. In view of these characteristics of zinc, it plays an important role in neurophysiology, which leads to cell growth and cell proliferation. However, after brain disease, excessively released and accumulated zinc ions cause neurotoxic damage to postsynaptic neurons. On the other hand, zinc deficiency induces degeneration and cognitive decline disorders, such as increased neuronal death and decreased learning and memory. Given the importance of balance in this context, zinc is a biological component that plays an important physiological role in the central nervous system, but a pathophysiological role in major neurological disorders. In this review, we focus on the multiple roles of zinc in the brain.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms21238941