Neuroprotective effect of Costus afer on low dose heavy metal mixture (lead, cadmium and mercury) induced neurotoxicity via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities

[Display omitted] •Low dose heavy metal mixture induced neurotoxicity marked by increased lipid peroxidation and pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-6).•Low dose heavy metal mixture induced neurotoxicity marked by lowered levels of the oxidative biomarkers (SOD, CAT and GSH) and anti-inflammatory cytokine...

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Published in:Toxicology reports 2020-01, Vol.7, p.1032-1038
Main Authors: Anyanwu, Brilliance O., Orish, Chinna N., Ezejiofor, Anthonet N., Nwaogazie, Ify L., Orisakwe, Orish E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Costus afer
Heavy metal exposure
Metal chelation
Neurotoxicity
Oxidative stress
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Summary:[Display omitted] •Low dose heavy metal mixture induced neurotoxicity marked by increased lipid peroxidation and pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-6).•Low dose heavy metal mixture induced neurotoxicity marked by lowered levels of the oxidative biomarkers (SOD, CAT and GSH) and anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10).•Low dose heavy metal mixture also caused reactive gliosis and glia cell proliferation.•LDHMM elevated the lead, cadmium and mercury concentrations in the brain.•Costus afer aqueous leaf extract (CALE) treatment reversed all these effects.•Costus afer aqueous leaf extract (CALE) may be neuroprotective. Humans are constantly exposed to heavy metals due to their ubiquity in the environment. Hence, this study investigated the possible protective effect of Costus afer aqueous leaf extract (CALE) against low dose heavy metal mixture (LDHMM)-induced neurotoxicity. Male albino rats were divided into 6 equal groups. Group 1 served as the normal control receiving only deionized water. Group 2 served as the toxic control receiving on metal mixture (20 mg/kg PbCl2, 1.61 mg/kg CdCl2 and 0.40 mg/kg HgCl2), groups 3, 4 and 5 were co-treated with metal mixture and CALE (750, 1500 and 2250 mg/kg body weight, respectively) and group 6 was treated with metal mixture and ZnCl2. All treatments were administered through oral gavage for 90days. Oxidative stress biomarkers [malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione content (GSH) and catalase (CAT)], inflammatory cytokines [interlukin-6 (IL-6) and interlukin-10 (IL-10)], histopathological changes and heavy metal concentration were determined in brain of rats. Results indicated that LDHMM significantly increased (p 
ISSN:2214-7500
2214-7500
DOI:10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.08.008