Wolbachia: endosymbiont of onchocercid nematodes and their vectors

Wolbachia is an obligate intracellular maternally transmitted, gram-negative bacterium which forms a spectrum of endosymbiotic relationships from parasitism to obligatory mutualism in a wide range of arthropods and onchocercid nematodes, respectively. In arthropods Wolbachia produces reproductive ma...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Parasites & vectors 2021-05, Vol.14 (1), p.245-245, Article 245
Main Authors: Manoj, Ranju Ravindran Santhakumari, Latrofa, Maria Stefania, Epis, Sara, Otranto, Domenico
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arthropoda
Arthropods
Bacteria
Biological effects
Biology
Care and treatment
Causes of
Control
Cytoplasmic incompatibility
Ecological effects
Embryogenesis
Embryonic growth stage
Endosymbionts
Endosymbiosis
Evolution & development
Feminization
Filariasis
Genes
Genetic engineering
Genomes
Health services
Immunity
Incompatibility
Infectious diseases
Medical treatment
Molting
Moulting
Mutualism
Natural history
Nematodes
Onchocercid nematodes
Parasitism
Parasitological research
Parthenogenesis
Pathogens
Phylogenetics
Physiological aspects
Review
Survival
Symbiosis
Treatment
Tropical diseases
Vector
Vector-borne diseases
Vectors
Viral diseases
Viroses
Wolbachia
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Description
Summary:Wolbachia is an obligate intracellular maternally transmitted, gram-negative bacterium which forms a spectrum of endosymbiotic relationships from parasitism to obligatory mutualism in a wide range of arthropods and onchocercid nematodes, respectively. In arthropods Wolbachia produces reproductive manipulations such as male killing, feminization, parthenogenesis and cytoplasmic incompatibility for its propagation and provides an additional fitness benefit for the host to protect against pathogens, whilst in onchocercid nematodes, apart from the mutual metabolic dependence, this bacterium is involved in moulting, embryogenesis, growth and survival of the host. This review details the molecular data of Wolbachia and its effect on host biology, immunity, ecology and evolution, reproduction, endosymbiont-based treatment and control strategies exploited for filariasis. Relevant peer-reviewed scientic papers available in various authenticated scientific data bases were considered while writing the review. The information presented provides an overview on Wolbachia biology and its use in the control and/or treatment of vectors, onchocercid nematodes and viral diseases of medical and veterinary importance. This offers the development of new approaches for the control of a variety of vector-borne diseases.
ISSN:1756-3305
1756-3305
DOI:10.1186/s13071-021-04742-1