Eight-DOF Dynamic Modeling of EMA Mechanical Transmission and Spalling Fault Characteristic Analysis

• Published in: Actuators 2022-08, Vol.11 (8), p.226
• Main Authors: Yin, Zhengyang, Yang, Yi, Shen, Guoji, Chen, Ling, Hu, Niaoqing
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Accuracy; Actuators; Aircraft; Analysis; ball-screw pairs; Bearings; dynamic modeling; Dynamic models; Elastic deformation; electromechanical actuators; Experiments; Failure; Fault diagnosis; feature extraction; Impact loads; Lubricants & lubrication; Mechanical components; Mechanical transmissions; Reliability aspects; Spalling; Unmanned aerial vehicles; Vibration
• ISSN: 2076-0825; 2076-0825
• DOI: 10.3390/act11080226

Electromechanical actuators (EMAs), as the critical actuator system of next-generation aircraft, have attracted the attention of many institutions and enterprises around the world. However, due to harsh working conditions, their reliability cannot satisfy the requirements of widespread application in aircraft. Therefore, in order to conduct fault diagnosis on EMAs, in this paper, we establish a comprehensive dynamic model under numerous assumptions to study the fault characteristics that may occur in the displacement and acceleration responses of EMA systems. First, an eight-DOF dynamic model containing typical mechanical components of an EMA is established. Then, by obtaining the impact forces between balls and the spalling fault and the nonlinear relationship between the total elastic restoring forces and the change of ball deformation when the fault occurs, a faulty dynamic model is established. Comparison of the simulation results between the normal and faulty model reveals that the acceleration amplitude at the third harmonic of the ball passage frequency increases when fault occurs. Based on this phenomenon, a numerical calculation method of fault characteristics is proposed. Finally, the effectiveness of the established models and the identified phenomenon are verified by experiments conducted on an EMA test rig in a laboratory environment.