In vitro antiviral effect of ethanolic extracts from Azadirachta indica and Melia azedarach against goat lentivirus in colostrum and milk

• Published in: Scientific reports 2023-03, Vol.13 (1), p.4677-4677, Article 4677
• Main Authors: de Sousa, Ana Lidia Madeira, Rizaldo Pinheiro, Raymundo, Furtado Araujo, Juscilania, Mesquita Peixoto, Renato, de Azevedo, Dalva Alana Aragao, Cesar Lima, Ana Milena, Marques Canuto, Kirley, Vasconcelos Ribeiro, Paulo Riceli, de Queiroz Souza, Ana Sheila, Rocha Souza, Samara Cristina, de Amorim, Sara Lucena, Paula Amaral, Gabriel, de Souza, Viviane, de Morais, Selene Maia, Andrioli, Alice, da Silva Teixeira, Maria Fatima
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 631/326/596; 631/326/596/1296; 631/326/596/2563; Acetic acid; Animals; Antiviral agents; Antiviral drugs; Azadirachta; Azadirachta indica; Cell culture; Colostrum; Dengue fever; Disease prevention; Ethyl acetate; Eyelid; Female; Goat's milk; Goats; Humanities and Social Sciences; Lentivirus; Melia azedarach; Milk; multidisciplinary; Natural products; Plant extracts; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Pregnancy; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Sheep; Somatic cells; Veterinary medicine; Viral infections; Virology; Viruses
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31455-5

This study aimed to evaluate, in vitro, the use of leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica ( A. indica ) and Melia azedarach ( M. azedarach ) as antivirals against caprine lentivirus (CLV) in colostrum and milk of goat nannies. These were collected from eight individuals and infected with the standard strain of CLV. Samples were then subdivided into aliquots and treated with 150 µg/mL of crude extract, and with ethyl acetate and methanol fractions for 30, 60, and 90 min. Next, somatic cells from colostrum and milk were co-cultured with cells from the ovine third eyelid. After this step, viral titers of the supernatants collected from treatments with greater efficacy in co-culture were assessed. The organic ethyl acetate fractions of both plants at 90 min possibly inhibited the viral activity of CLV by up to a thousandfold in colostrum. In milk, this inhibition was up to 800 times for the respective Meliaceae. In conclusion, the ethanolic fraction of ethyl acetate from both plants demonstrated efficacy against CLV in samples from colostrum and milk when subjected to treatment, which was more effective in colostrum.