Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis manifesting as Bell’s palsy and bilateral macular necrotizing retinitis: an atypical presenting feature

Background Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a potentially lethal complication of measles infection. Neurological complications take years to manifest after primary viral infection of brain and can lead to blindness in some individuals. Findings A 13-year-old female patient with history...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection 2021-02, Vol.11 (1), p.2-2, Article 2
Main Authors: Paul, Lagan, Jain, Tanya, Agarwal, Manisha, Singh, Shalini
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bell's palsy
Brief Report
Measles
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Ophthalmology
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Summary:Background Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a potentially lethal complication of measles infection. Neurological complications take years to manifest after primary viral infection of brain and can lead to blindness in some individuals. Findings A 13-year-old female patient with history of Bell’s palsy 2 months prior, presented with rapidly progressing necrotizing retinitis in both eyes. Soon after, she was unable to walk, developed myoclonic jerks, altered sensorium and loss of bowel and bladder control. Her clinical history, CSF IgG measles antibody analysis, MRI brain and EEG findings confirmed the diagnosis of SSPE. Conclusion SSPE in our case presented as Bell’s palsy and sudden painless diminution of vision due to ocular involvement, and developed full blown disease within 2 months. SSPE can present as a diagnostic challenge and warrants early identification and referral for timely diagnosis and management.
ISSN:1869-5760
1869-5760
DOI:10.1186/s12348-020-00223-1