Microstructure, Inclusions, and Elemental Distribution of a Compacted Graphite Iron Alloyed by Ce and La Rare Earth (RE) Elements

This work investigates the microstructure and inclusions of a compacted graphite iron (CGI) alloyed by Ce and La rare earth (RE) elements. In our study, alloying elemental distribution and solute segregation were characterized by methods of secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and a three-dimensio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Metals (Basel ) 2022-05, Vol.12 (5), p.779
Main Authors: Fan, Zengwei, Zhu, Jianan, Lian, Xintong, Liu, Tengshi, Xu, Dexiang, Wei, Xicheng, Dong, Han
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alloying elements
Alloys
Cementite
Cerium
Chemical precipitation
Clustering
Compacted graphite iron
Copper
elemental distribution
Ferrite
Grain boundaries
Graphite
inclusion
Inclusions
Investigations
Ion beams
Lanthanum
Mechanical properties
Microstructure
Morphology
Nodular cast iron
Nucleation
Pearlite
rare earth element
Scanning electron microscopy
Secondary ion mass spectrometry
Solidification
Spatial resolution
three-dimensional atom probe
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Summary:This work investigates the microstructure and inclusions of a compacted graphite iron (CGI) alloyed by Ce and La rare earth (RE) elements. In our study, alloying elemental distribution and solute segregation were characterized by methods of secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and a three-dimensional atom probe (3DAP) with high sensitivity and spatial resolution. RE sulfide, MgS, carbide, and composite inclusions formed during solidification and provided heterogeneous nucleation cores for the nucleation of the graphite. Significant solute clustering in the matrix, coupled with the segregation of solute to grain boundaries, was observed. C, Mn, Cr, and V were soluted in cementite and promoted the precipitation of cementite, while Si was found to be soluted in ferrite. Cu is usually distributed uniformly in ferrite, but some Cu-rich atom clusters were observed to segregate towards the interface between the ferrite and cementite, stabilizing the pearlite. In addition, P, as a segregation element, was enriched along the boundaries continuously. The RE elements participated in the formation of inclusions, consuming harmful elements such as As and P, and also promoted the heterogeneous nucleation of the graphite and segregated, in the form of solute atoms, at its interfaces.
ISSN:2075-4701
2075-4701
DOI:10.3390/met12050779