Intensive versus short face-to-face smoking cessation interventions: a meta-analysis

To evaluate the efficacy of intensive smoking cessation interventions (ISCIs) directly compared with shorter interventions (SIs), measured as successful quitting. Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library and CINAHL were searched on 15 October 2021. Peer-reviewed randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European respiratory review 2022-09, Vol.31 (165), p.220063
Main Authors: Rasmussen, Mette, Lauridsen, Susanne Vahr, Pedersen, Bolette, Backer, Vibeke, Tønnesen, Hanne
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Beroendelära
Europe
Health Sciences
Humans
Hälsovetenskap
Medical and Health Sciences
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Reviews
Smoking - epidemiology
Smoking Cessation - methods
Substance Abuse
United States
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Summary:To evaluate the efficacy of intensive smoking cessation interventions (ISCIs) directly compared with shorter interventions (SIs), measured as successful quitting. Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library and CINAHL were searched on 15 October 2021. Peer-reviewed randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of adult, daily smokers undergoing an ISCI were included. No setting, time or language restrictions were imposed. Risk of bias and quality of evidence was assessed using the Cochrane tool and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation, respectively. Meta-analyses were conducted using a random-effects model. 17 550 unique articles were identified and 17 RCTs evaluating 9812 smokers were included. 14 studies were conducted in Europe or the USA. The quality of the evidence was assessed as low or moderate. Continuous abstinence was significantly higher in ISCIs in the long term (risk ratio 2.60, 95% CI 1.71-3.97). Direction and magnitude were similar in the short term; however, they were not statistically significant (risk ratio 2.49, 95% CI: 0.94-6.56). When measured as point prevalence, successful quitting was still statistically significant in favour of ISCIs, but lower (long term: 1.64, 1.08-2.47; short term: 1.68, 1.10-2.56). Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the results. ISCIs are highly effective compared to SIs. This important knowledge should be used to avoid additional morbidity and mortality caused by smoking.
ISSN:0905-9180
1600-0617
1600-0617
DOI:10.1183/16000617.0063-2022