Early Extra-Uterine Growth Restriction in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Neonates with Normal or Mildly Abnormal Brain MRI: Effects on a 2-3-Year Neurodevelopmental Outcome

Extra-uterine growth restriction (EUGR) is a common complication and a known risk factor for impaired development in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) neonates. We report a population of 288 patients with no or with low-grade MRI lesions scanned at a term equivalent age (TEA) born between 2012 and 2018....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2024-02, Vol.16 (3), p.449
Main Authors: Massirio, Paolo, Battaglini, Marcella, Bonato, Irene, De Crescenzo, Sara, Calevo, Maria Grazia, Malova, Mariya, Caruggi, Samuele, Parodi, Alessandro, Preiti, Deborah, Zoia, Agata, Uccella, Sara, Tortora, Domenico, Severino, Mariasavina, Rossi, Andrea, Traggiai, Cristina, Nobili, Lino, Striano, Pasquale, Ramenghi, Luca Antonio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Birth weight
Breastfeeding & lactation
Cerebral palsy
EUGR
extra-uterine growth restriction
Gestational age
Hemorrhage
Infants (Newborn)
Magnetic resonance imaging
Neonatology
neurodevelopment
Newborn babies
Nutrition
Parenteral nutrition
Premature babies
preterm
Sepsis
Standard scores
Statistical analysis
Variables
VLBW
weaning
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Summary:Extra-uterine growth restriction (EUGR) is a common complication and a known risk factor for impaired development in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) neonates. We report a population of 288 patients with no or with low-grade MRI lesions scanned at a term equivalent age (TEA) born between 2012 and 2018. Griffiths Mental Development Scale II (GMDS II) at 2 and 3 years, preterm complications and weight growth were retrospectively analyzed. EUGR was defined for weight z-score ˂ 10 percentile at TEA, 6 and 12 months of correct age or as z-score decreased by 1-point standard deviation (SDS) from birth to TEA and from TEA to 6 months. Multivariate analysis showed that a higher weight z-score at 6 months is protective for the global developmental quotient (DQ) at 2 years (OR 0.74; CI 95% 0.59-0.93; = 0.01). EUGR at 6 months was associated with worse locomotor, personal/social, language and performance DQ at 2 years and worse language and practical reasoning DQ at 3 years. In conclusion, a worse weight z-score at 6 months of age seems to be an independent risk factor for significantly reduced GMDS in many areas. These results suggest that we should invest more into post-discharge nutrition, optimizing family nutritional education.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu16030449