Identification of neutralizing antibodies against monkeypox virus using high-throughput sequencing of A35+H3L+B cells from patients with convalescent monkeypox

• Published in: Virus research 2024-09, Vol.347, p.199437, Article 199437
• Main Authors: Hou, Ruitian, Jiang, Qiwei, Cheng, Meiling, Dai, Jun, Yang, Huiqin, Yuan, Jiao, Li, Xiao, Tang, Xiaoping, Yu, Haisheng
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: A35 protein; Adult; Antibodies, Neutralizing - immunology; Antibodies, Viral - immunology; B-Lymphocytes - immunology; Female; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Humans; Immunoglobulin G - immunology; Male; Middle Aged; Monkeypox virus; Monkeypox virus - genetics; Monkeypox virus - immunology; Mpox (monkeypox) - immunology; Mpox (monkeypox) - virology; Neutralization Tests; potent neutralizing antibody; Short Communication
• ISSN: 0168-1702; 1872-7492; 1872-7492
• DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2024.199437

•We identified MPXV-neutralizing antibodies using RNA sequencing of antigen B cells.•Three potent neutralizing antibodies were identified with the MPXV A35 protein.•IC50 of MV129 was 2.68ug/mL with authentic MPXV, was the most potent antibody. The global monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak in 2022 emphasizes the urgent need for effective and accessible new-generation vaccines and neutralizing antibodies. Herein, we identified MPXV-neutralizing antibodies using high-throughput single-cell RNA and V(D)J sequencing of antigen-sorted B cells from patients with convalescent monkeypox. IgG1-expressing B cells were obtained from 34 paired heavy- and light-chain B cell receptor sequences. Subsequently, three potent neutralizing antibodies, MV127, MV128, and MV129, were identified and reacted with the MPXV A35 protein. Among these, MV129, which has a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 2.68μg/mL against authentic MPXV, was considered to be the putative candidates for MPXV neutralization in response to monkeypox disease.