Response Surface Optimization of Ultra-Elastic Nanovesicles Loaded with Deflazacort Tailored for Transdermal Delivery: Accentuated Bioavailability and Anti-Inflammatory Efficacy

• Published in: International journal of nanomedicine 2021-01, Vol.16, p.591-607
• Main Authors: Ali, Adel A, Hassan, Amira H, Eissa, Essam M, Aboud, Heba M
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Administration, Cutaneous; Administration, Oral; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology; Anti-inflammatory drugs; Bioavailability; Biological Availability; Carrageenin; Cellulose; d-optimal design; deflazacort; Design optimization; Dielectric films; Donations; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug Liberation; Edema - drug therapy; Elasticity; Hydration; Hydrogels - chemistry; Male; Nanoparticles - chemistry; Nanoparticles - ultrastructure; Original Research; Particle Size; Pharmaceutical industry; pharmacodynamics; pharmacokinetics; Pregnenediones - pharmacokinetics; Pregnenediones - pharmacology; Rabbits; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Skin Absorption - drug effects; Sodium; Static Electricity; Tablets; Thin films; Transdermal medication; ultra-elastic nanovesicles
• ISSN: 1178-2013; 1176-9114; 1178-2013
• DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S276330

The aim of the present study was to develop deflazacort (DFZ) ultra-elastic nanovesicles (UENVs) loaded gel for topical administration to evade gastrointestinal adverse impacts accompanying DFZ oral therapy. UENVs were elaborated according to D-optimal mixture design employing different edge activators as Span-60, Tween-85 and sodium cholate which were incorporated into the nanovesicles to improve the deformability of vesicles bilayer. DFZ-UENVs were formulated by thin-film hydration technique followed by characterization for different parameters including entrapment efficiency (%EE), particle size, release and permeation studies. The composition of the optimized DFZ-UENV formulation was found to be DFZ (10 mg), Span-60 (30 mg), Tween-85 (30 mg), sodium cholate (3.93 mg), L-α phosphatidylcholine (60 mg) and cholesterol (30 mg). The optimum formulation was incorporated into hydrogel base then characterized in terms of physical parameters, drug release, permeation study and pharmacodynamics evaluation. Finally, pharmacokinetic study in rabbits was performed via transdermal application of UENVs gel in comparison to oral drug. The optimum UENVs formulation exhibited %EE of 74.77±1.33, vesicle diameter of 219.64±2.52 nm, 68.88±1.64% of DFZ released after 12 h and zeta potential of -55.57±1.04 mV. The current work divulged successful augmentation of the bioavailability of DFZ optimum formulation by about 1.37-fold and drug release retardation compared to oral drug tablets besides significant depression of edema, cellular inflammation and capillary congestion in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model. The transdermal DFZ-UENVs can achieve boosted bioavailability and may be suggested as an auspicious non-invasive alternative platform for oral route.