The Antioxidant Potential of Vitamins and Their Implication in Metabolic Abnormalities

Vitamins are micronutrients necessary for the normal function of the body. Although each vitamin has different physicochemical properties and a specific role in maintaining life, they may also possess a common characteristic, i.e., antioxidant activity. Oxidative stress can harm all the main biologi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2024-08, Vol.16 (16), p.2740
Main Authors: Theodosis-Nobelos, Panagiotis, Rekka, Eleni A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acids
Animals
antioxidant activity
Antioxidants
Antioxidants - pharmacology
Apoptosis
Cell death
Chemokines
Cytokines
degenerative conditions
Diabetes
Enzymes
Free radicals
Humans
Hydrogen peroxide
Inflammation
Insulin resistance
Lipids
Metabolic Diseases
metabolic disorders
Metabolic Syndrome
Metabolites
Nitric oxide
Obesity - metabolism
Oxidation
Oxidative stress
Oxidative Stress - drug effects
Phosphorylation
Proteins
Radiation
Review
Signal transduction
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
vitamins
Vitamins - pharmacology
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Summary:Vitamins are micronutrients necessary for the normal function of the body. Although each vitamin has different physicochemical properties and a specific role in maintaining life, they may also possess a common characteristic, i.e., antioxidant activity. Oxidative stress can harm all the main biological structures leading to protein, DNA and lipid oxidation, with concomitant impairment of the cell. It has been established that oxidative stress is implicated in several pathological conditions such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, obesity, inflammation and metabolic syndrome. In this review we investigate the influence of oxidative stress on the above conditions, examine the interrelation between oxidative stress and inflammation and point out the importance of vitamins in these processes, especially in oxidative load manipulation and metabolic abnormalities.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu16162740