Investigation on the use of deep eutectic solvent with microwave assistance for the extraction of ferulic acid from palm pressed fibre

• Published in: Current research in green and sustainable chemistry 2021, Vol.4, p.100155, Article 100155
• Main Authors: Ng, Mei Han, Nu'man, Abd Hadi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Deep eutectic solvent; Extraction; Ferulic acid; Microwave; Palm
• ISSN: 2666-0865; 2666-0865
• DOI: 10.1016/j.crgsc.2021.100155

Ferulic acid is a highly sought-after compound as functional food and nutraceuticals due to its antioxidative, anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory properties. Extraction of ferulic acid from oil palm pressed fibre by using microwave assisted deep eutectic solvent (DES) extraction was studied and reported. The influence of water content in the DES, microwave irradiation temperature and duration on the extraction efficiency were investigated. The viscosity of the DES of ChCl-AA, reduced from 9.678 ​mm2/s to 5.7356 ​mm2/s as the water content in the DES increased from 0% to 10% (v/v). DES with 30% (v/v) water (viscosity 2.547 ​mm2/s) was found to be optimal for ferulic acid extraction. The amount of ferulic acid extracted under microwave heating at 60 ​°C for 9 ​min were 0.609 ​mg/g – 0.617 ​mg/g and up to 1.123 ​mg/g when heated for 15 ​min. Response surface method showed that the microwave assisted DES extraction of ferulic acid from palm pressed fibre depended on the microwave temperature, heating duration and the interaction between the heating temperature and duration. •Viscosity of DES decreased with the increased in water content.•Deep eutectic solvent with not more than 30% water resulted in positive extraction of ferulic acid.•Microwave assisted deep eutectic solvent extraction of ferulic acid from palm pressed fibre depended on microwave temperature, heating duration and the interaction between the heating temperature and duration.•Optimum conditions for ferulic acid extraction are DES with 30% water content and microwave heating for 15 ​min at 60 ​°C.