Population diversity among Bordetella pertussis isolates, United States, 1935-2009

Since the 1980s, pertussis notifications in the United States have been increasing. To determine the types of Bordetella pertussis responsible for these increases, we divided 661 B. pertussis isolates collected in the United States during 1935-2009 into 8 periods related to the introduction of novel...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Emerging infectious diseases 2012-08, Vol.18 (8), p.1248-1255
Main Authors: Schmidtke, Amber J, Boney, Kathryn O, Martin, Stacey W, Skoff, Tami H, Tondella, M Lucia, Tatti, Kathleen M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alleles
Analysis
Antigens, Bacterial - genetics
Bordetella pertussis
Bordetella pertussis - classification
Bordetella pertussis - genetics
Bordetella pertussis - immunology
Bordetella pertussis - isolation & purification
Disease Notification - statistics & numerical data
Fimbriae Proteins - genetics
genetic diversity
Genetic Variation
Humans
Minisatellite Repeats - genetics
molecular typing
Multilocus Sequence Typing
pertussis
Pertussis Toxin - genetics
Pertussis Vaccine - administration & dosage
Pertussis Vaccine - immunology
United States - epidemiology
Vaccination
Vaccination - statistics & numerical data
Vaccines
Virulence Factors, Bordetella - genetics
whooping cough
Whooping Cough - epidemiology
Whooping Cough - microbiology
Whooping Cough - prevention & control
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Summary:Since the 1980s, pertussis notifications in the United States have been increasing. To determine the types of Bordetella pertussis responsible for these increases, we divided 661 B. pertussis isolates collected in the United States during 1935-2009 into 8 periods related to the introduction of novel vaccines or changes in vaccination schedule. B. pertussis diversity was highest from 1970-1990 (94%) but declined to ≈ 70% after 1991 and has remained constant. During 2006-2009, 81.6% of the strains encoded multilocus sequence type prn2-ptxP3-ptxS1A-fim3B, and 64% were multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis type 27. US trends were consistent with those seen internationally; emergence and predominance of the fim3B allele was the only molecular characteristic associated with the increase in pertussis notifications. Changes in the vaccine composition and schedule were not the direct selection pressures that resulted in the allele changes present in the current B. pertussis population.
ISSN:1080-6040
1080-6059
DOI:10.3201/eid1808.120082