Contingency management is effective in promoting abstinence and retention in treatment among crack cocaine users with a previous history of poor treatment response: a crossover trial

• Published in: Psicologia, reflexão e crítica reflexão e crítica, 2019-07, Vol.32 (1), p.14-14, Article 14
• Main Authors: de Queiroz Constantino Miguel, André, Sandi Madruga, Clarice, Simões, Viviane, Yamauchi, Rodolfo, da Silva, Claudio Jerônimo, McDonell, Michael, McPherson, Sterling, Roll, John, Laranjeira, Ronaldo Ramos, de Jesus Mari, Jair
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Abstinence; Behavior treatment; Behavioral Science and Psychology; Biological Psychology; Brazil; Cocaine; Contingency management; Crack cocaine; Developmental Psychology; Health Psychology; PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY; Psychological Methods/Evaluation; Psychology; Psychology Research; Psychometrics; Psychosocial treatment
• ISSN: 0102-7972; 1678-7153; 1678-7153
• DOI: 10.1186/s41155-019-0127-2

Background Crack use has become a severe health problem in Brazil. Contingency management has shown robust evidence of efficacy in the treatment of cocaine use disorder (CUD) in high-income countries; however, it is still unclear how this intervention can impact treatment in low-income countries. Objective To evaluate the efficacy of contingency management in the treatment of CUD among individuals with a previous history of poor treatment response in Brazil. Methods Six months after the end of treatment, 32 participants previously allocated to the usual care condition (UCC) were invited to receive an additional 12 weeks of treatment in a contingency management condition (CMC), and 16 accepted the invitation. We compared data obtained from only the 16 participants (14 male) exposed to both treatment conditions. Results Participants attended more treatment sessions and were retained in treatment for a longer period during the CMC than during the UCC ( p