Effects of Different No-Ozone Cold Plasma Treatment Methods on Mouse Osteoblast Proliferation and Differentiation

• Published in: Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Lithuania), 2024-08, Vol.60 (8), p.1318
• Main Authors: Choi, Byul-Bo Ra, Park, Sang-Rye, Kim, Gyoo-Cheon
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Air pollution; alkaline phosphatase; Alkaline Phosphatase - analysis; Alkaline Phosphatase - metabolism; Animals; Bones; Cell Differentiation - drug effects; Cell Proliferation - drug effects; Cold; Density; Gases; Medical equipment; Medical research; Methods; Mice; mouse osteoblast; Nitrogen dioxide; no-ozone cold plasma; osteoblast differentiation; Osteoblasts - drug effects; osteocalcin; Osteocalcin - analysis; Osteoporosis; Ozone - pharmacology; Ozone - therapeutic use; Plasma; Plasma Gases - pharmacology; Plasma Gases - therapeutic use; Plasma physics; Process controls; Proteins
• ISSN: 1648-9144; 1010-660X; 1648-9144
• DOI: 10.3390/medicina60081318

: Enhanced osteoblast differentiation may be leveraged to prevent and treat bone-related diseases such as osteoporosis. No-ozone cold plasma (NCP) treatment is a promising and safe strategy to enhance osteoblast differentiation. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of direct and indirect NCP treatment methods on osteoblast differentiation. Mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1) were treated with NCP using different methods, i.e., no NCP treatment (NT group; control), direct NCP treatment (DT group), direct NCP treatment followed by media replacement (MC group), and indirect treatment with NCP-treated media only (PAM group). : The MC3T3-E1 cells were subsequently assessed for cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium deposition, and ALP and osteocalcin mRNA expression using real-time polymerase chain reaction. : Cell proliferation significantly increased in the NCP-treated groups (DT and PAM; MC and PAM) compared to the NT group after 24 h ( < 0.038) and 48 h ( < 0.000). ALP activity was increased in the DT and PAM groups at 1 week ( < 0.115) and in the DT, MC, and PAM groups at 2 weeks ( < 0.000) compared to the NT group. Calcium deposition was higher in the NCP-treated groups than in NT group at 2 and 3 weeks ( < 0.000). ALP mRNA expression peaked in the MC group at 2 weeks compared to the NP group ( < 0.014). Osteocalcin mRNA expression increased in the MC group at 2 weeks ( < 0.000) and was the highest in the PAM group at 3 weeks ( < 0.000). Thus, the effects of direct (DT and MC) and indirect (PAM) treatment varied, with MC direct treatment showing the most significant impact on osteoblast activity. : The MC group exhibited enhanced osteoblast differentiation, indicating that direct NCP treatment followed by media replacement is the most effective method for promoting bone formation.