TRAUMATIC THORACOLUMBAR FRACTURE IN A PUBLIC HOSPITAL IN SÃO PAULO: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY

• Published in: Coluna 2024, Vol.23 (3)
• Main Authors: Moreno, Caio Cesar Lucchese, Oliveira, Karina Seabra de, Cesar, André Evaristo Marcondes, Souza, Rafael Carboni de, Oliveira, Wilker Herkson de Almeida, Motter, Bruno Vieira, Rodrigues, Luciano Miller Reis
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: ORTHOPEDICS; REHABILITATION; Spinal Column; Spinal Fractures; Spinal Injuries
• ISSN: 1808-1851; 2177-014X; 2177-014X
• DOI: 10.1590/s1808-185120242303284829

ABSTRACT Objective: This work aims assess the clinical-epidemiological profile of lumbar spine trauma in patients treated at a tertiary hospital in the ABC region of São Paulo, identifying factors associated with the prognosis of these injuries, to contribute epidemiological data that assist in developing prevention and treatment policies. Methodology: An epidemiological, retrospective, descriptive, and cross-sectional analysis was conducted at the Mário Covas State Hospital in Santo André, São Paulo, including patients with fractures and/or dislocations of the lumbar spine treated from January 2018 to December 2022. Cases of other spinal fractures, non-traumatic or pathological fractures, and incomplete records were excluded. Data collection was based on medical records and radiographic images, using variables such as age group, gender, education level, ethnicity, marital status, trauma mechanism, type of fracture, and neurological deficit. Results: A total of 265 patients were analyzed, predominantly male (61.5%), with an average age of 54.2 years. Traffic accidents and falls were the main trauma mechanisms. A balance was observed between conservative and surgical treatments. The incidence of fractures and/or dislocations of the lumbar spine increased after the onset of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Conclusion: In the present study, fractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine occurred more commonly in male patients of economically active age and were caused by falls from heights, followed by falls to the ground and car accidents. The study highlights the need for further research to improve the management of these injuries, aiming to enhance public health policies. Evidence Level III; Retrospective study. RESUMO: Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil clínico-epidemiológico do trauma da coluna lombar em pacientes atendidos em um hospital terciário na região do ABC paulista, identificando fatores associados ao prognóstico dessas lesões, para contribuir com dados epidemiológicos que auxiliem no desenvolvimento de políticas de prevenção e tratamento. Métodos: Realizou-se uma análise epidemiológica, retrospectiva, descritiva e transversal, no Hospital Estadual Mário Covas, Santo André, São Paulo, incluindo pacientes com fratura e/ou luxação da coluna lombar atendidos de janeiro de 2018 a dezembro de 2022. Excluíram-se casos de outras fraturas vertebrais, não traumáticas ou patológicas, e prontuários incompletos. A coleta de dados baseou-se em prontuários e imagens radiográfic