Therapeutic vaccines for high-risk HPV-associated diseases

Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and it is estimated that Human papillomavirus (HPV) related cancers account for 5% of all human cancers. Current HPV vaccines are extremely effective at preventing infection and neoplastic disease; however, they are prophylactic and do not clear...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Papillomavirus research 2018-06, Vol.5, p.46-58
Main Authors: Chabeda, Aleyo, Yanez, Romana J.R., Lamprecht, Renate, Meyers, Ann E., Rybicki, Edward P., Hitzeroth, Inga I.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Cancer Vaccines - therapeutic use
Cervical cancer
Clinical Trials as Topic
E6 and E7
Female
HPV
Humans
Immunity, Cellular
Immunotherapy, Active
Mice
Oncogene Proteins, Viral - immunology
Papillomaviridae - immunology
Papillomavirus E7 Proteins - immunology
Papillomavirus Infections - complications
Papillomavirus Infections - immunology
Papillomavirus Infections - therapy
Papillomavirus Vaccines - therapeutic use
Plant-based production
Plants, Genetically Modified - genetics
Therapeutic vaccine
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - immunology
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - therapy
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - virology
Vaccines, DNA - therapeutic use
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Summary:Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and it is estimated that Human papillomavirus (HPV) related cancers account for 5% of all human cancers. Current HPV vaccines are extremely effective at preventing infection and neoplastic disease; however, they are prophylactic and do not clear established infections. Therapeutic vaccines which trigger cell-mediated immune responses for the treatment of established infections and malignancies are therefore required. The E6 and E7 early genes are ideal targets for vaccine therapy due to their role in disruption of the cell cycle and their constitutive expression in premalignant and malignant tissues. Several strategies have been investigated for the development of therapeutic vaccines, including live-vector, nucleic acid, peptide, protein-based and cell-based vaccines as well as combinatorial approaches, with several vaccine candidates progressing to clinical trials. With the current understanding of the HPV life cycle, molecular mechanisms of infection, carcinogenesis, tumour biology, the tumour microenvironment and immune response mechanisms, an approved HPV therapeutic vaccine seems to be a goal not far from being achieved. In this article, the status of therapeutic HPV vaccines in clinical trials are reviewed, and the potential for plant-based vaccine production platforms described.
ISSN:2405-8521
2405-8521
DOI:10.1016/j.pvr.2017.12.006