Pathogenicity and Growth Conditions Modulate Fonsecaea Extracellular Vesicles' Ability to Interact With Macrophages

Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a chronic cutaneous and subcutaneous mycosis caused by black, dimorphic, and filamentous fungi of the family, such as species of the genus . These fungi can switch between the saprophytic forms (conidia and hyphae) and the pathogenic form, the muriform cells (MCs), which...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology 2022-06, Vol.12, p.879018-879018
Main Authors: Las-Casas, Lucas de Oliveira, Marina, Clara Luna Freitas, de Castro, Raffael Júnio Araújo, Coelho, Luísa Coutinho, Báo, Sônia Nair, de Hoog, G Sybren, Vicente, Vânia Aparecida, Fernandes, Larissa, Bocca, Anamelia Lorenzetti
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ascomycota
Cellular and Infection Microbiology
chromoblastomycosis
Chromoblastomycosis - microbiology
Chromoblastomycosis - pathology
Cytokines
Extracellular Vesicles
Fonsecaea
Macrophages
muriform cells
Nitric Oxide
Virulence
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a chronic cutaneous and subcutaneous mycosis caused by black, dimorphic, and filamentous fungi of the family, such as species of the genus . These fungi can switch between the saprophytic forms (conidia and hyphae) and the pathogenic form, the muriform cells (MCs), which is considered an essential mechanism for fungal virulence. Nearly all types of cells can produce membranous structures formed by a lipid bilayer that communicate extracellularly with other cells, known as "extracellular vesicles" (EVs), which may act as virulence factors, as observed for several species of pathogenic fungi. Our findings demonstrated for the first time that , and produce EVs in response to nutritional conditions. The EVs varied in sterol and protein contents, size, and morphology. Moreover, the EVs induced different cytokine and nitric oxide release patterns by bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). The EVs activated IL-1β production, possibly acting as the first signal in inflammasome activation. Unlike the pathogenic species, the EVs isolated from did not significantly stimulate TNF and IL-10 production in general. Overall, these results demonstrated that different species of produce EVs capable of modulating pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine and nitric oxide production by BMDMs and that growth conditions affected the immunomodulatory capacities of the EVs as well as their size, content, and morphology.
ISSN:2235-2988
2235-2988
DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2022.879018