A comprehensive experimental study of eco-friendly hybrid polymer composites using pistachio shell powder and Aquilaria agallocha Roxb

This study investigates the effects of incorporating pistachio shell powder and a mixture of Aquilaria agallocha Roxb (AAR) resin with epoxy on the mechanical, dynamic mechanical, thermal, and biodegradability properties of an epoxy composite. Filler loadings ranged from 10 to 35% by volume, in 5% i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2024-10, Vol.14 (1), p.24239-15, Article 24239
Main Authors: Yesuraj, K., Sathiyamoorthi, R., Devarajan, Yuvarajan, Babu, M. Dinesh, Kaliappan, Nandagopal
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
639/166
639/166/988
Aquilaria
Biodegradability
Biodegradation
Composite Resins - chemistry
Epoxy resins
Epoxy Resins - chemistry
Humanities and Social Sciences
Industrial applications
Materials Testing
Mechanical properties
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
multidisciplinary
Pistacia - chemistry
Polymers
Polymers - chemistry
Powder
Powders
Renewable
Resins
Scanning electron microscopy
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Sustainable practices
Thermal stability
Thermogravimetry
Thymelaeaceae - chemistry
Waste
Waste-to-value
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Summary:This study investigates the effects of incorporating pistachio shell powder and a mixture of Aquilaria agallocha Roxb (AAR) resin with epoxy on the mechanical, dynamic mechanical, thermal, and biodegradability properties of an epoxy composite. Filler loadings ranged from 10 to 35% by volume, in 5% increments. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a uniform distribution of the hybrid polymer materials, particularly at 30% natural resin content, enhancing the load-bearing capacity of the composites. The addition of pistachio shell powder and AAR resin significantly improved the flexural modulus and strength of the composites. At a filler volume of 35%, the hybrid polymer exhibited a maximum impact resistance of 2,718 J/m 2 , demonstrating increased energy absorption. Moreover, the hybrid system enhanced the damping factor by up to 30%, suggesting superior dynamic mechanical performance. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated that the hybrid composites displayed better thermal stability compared to pure epoxy resin. These findings suggest that the combination of pistachio shell powder and AAR natural resin offers a sustainable approach to reinforcing epoxy-based composites, providing improved mechanical and thermal performance for potential industrial applications.
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-024-74872-w