Membrane-Based Processes Used in Municipal Wastewater Treatment for Water Reuse: State-Of-The-Art and Performance Analysis

Wastewater reuse as a sustainable, reliable and energy recovery concept is a promising approach to alleviate worldwide water scarcity. However, the water reuse market needs to be developed with long-term efforts because only less than 4% of the total wastewater worldwide has been treated for water r...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Membranes (Basel) 2020-06, Vol.10 (6), p.131
Main Authors: Yang, Jiaqi, Monnot, Mathias, Ercolei, Lionel, Moulin, Philippe
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
20th century
Chemical engineering
Chemical Sciences
Contaminants
Disinfection
disinfection efficiency
Drinking water
Economic conditions
Energy consumption
Energy recovery
Environmental Engineering
Environmental Sciences
fouling
Groundwater
Groundwater recharge
Irrigation
membrane processes
Membranes
Municipal wastewater
municipal wastewater reuse
Oxidation
Pollutant removal
Pollutants
Public health
Public opinion
R&D
Reclaimed water
Regulation
Research & development
Resource recovery
Review
Surface water
Wastewater reuse
Wastewater treatment
Water markets
Water quality
water recovery
Water resources
Water reuse
Water scarcity
Water shortages
Water treatment
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Summary:Wastewater reuse as a sustainable, reliable and energy recovery concept is a promising approach to alleviate worldwide water scarcity. However, the water reuse market needs to be developed with long-term efforts because only less than 4% of the total wastewater worldwide has been treated for water reuse at present. In addition, the reclaimed water should fulfill the criteria of health safety, appearance, environmental acceptance and economic feasibility based on their local water reuse guidelines. Moreover, municipal wastewater as an alternative water resource for non-potable or potable reuse, has been widely treated by various membrane-based treatment processes for reuse applications. By collecting lab-scale and pilot-scale reuse cases as much as possible, this review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the membrane-based treatment processes, mainly focused on the hydraulic filtration performance, contaminants removal capacity, reuse purpose, fouling resistance potential, resource recovery and energy consumption. The advances and limitations of different membrane-based processes alone or coupled with other possible processes such as disinfection processes and advanced oxidation processes, are also highlighted. Challenges still facing membrane-based technologies for water reuse applications, including institutional barriers, financial allocation and public perception, are stated as areas in need of further research and development.
ISSN:2077-0375
2077-0375
DOI:10.3390/membranes10060131