Production of Green Biorefinery Protein Concentrate Derived from Perennial Ryegrass as an Alternative Feed for Pigs

• Published in: Clean technologies 2021-09, Vol.3 (3), p.656-669
• Main Authors: Ravindran, Rajeev, Koopmans, Sybrandus, Sanders, Johan P. M., McMahon, Helena, Gaffey, James
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Amino acids; Animal feed; Biorefineries; Carbon; Commercial farms; Conversion ratio; Corn; Crops; Diet; Environmental impact; Farms; Feed conversion; Feeds; Fodder; Food security; Forage; grass protein concentrate; Grasses; green biorefinery; Hogs; Legumes; Lolium perenne; Lysine; Meat industry; monogastric feed; perennial rye grass; protein recovery; Proteins; Refining; Rye; Soybeans; Supply chains; Sustainable development; Swine; Weight gain measurement; Wheat
• ISSN: 2571-8797; 2571-8797
• DOI: 10.3390/cleantechnol3030039

Perennial rye grass is a widely used forage species in Ireland, on which the ruminant sector of agriculture is heavily dependent. While this species of grass is the primary source of fodder for cows, it is also abundant in plant protein, which could form a potential alternative ingredient in monogastric animal feed using a green biorefinery approach. In this study, perennial rye grass was processed using a novel biorefining process to extract value added products including protein as a potential replacement for soybean meal in monogastric feeds. Feed trials were conducted on a commercial farm with 55 weaner pigs for 31 days until slaughter. The diets comprised a control and a trial diet which integrated the green biorefinery protein concentrate. The effects of the new diet were determined by measuring the daily feed intake (DFI), average weight gain (AWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Amino acid profiles of grass protein concentrate and soybean meal were comparable, with the latter having a slightly higher amount of total protein content, lysine and cysteine. The DFI and ADW indicated that the treatment diet was superior to the control. DFI for the treatment diet (1.512 kg/d) was 8% higher than the control diet (1.400 kg/d) by the end of the trial. Additionally, the ADW for the treatment diet was 6.44% higher than that achieved in the control sample. Meanwhile, FCR calculations indicated that the treatment diet is just as efficient as the conventional diet. Overall, the results of the study indicate positive potential for perennial ryegrass-derived green biorefinery protein concentrate as an alternative protein source for pig feed formulations in Ireland.