Downregulation of an Evolutionary Young miR-1290 in an iPSC-Derived Neural Stem Cell Model of Autism Spectrum Disorder

The identification of several evolutionary young miRNAs, which arose in primates, raised several possibilities for the role of such miRNAs in human-specific disease processes. We previously have identified an evolutionary young miRNA, miR-1290, to be essential in neural stem cell proliferation and n...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Stem cells international 2019-01, Vol.2019 (2019), p.1-15
Main Authors: Fox, Howard, Yelamanchili, Sowmya V., Pendyala, Gurudutt, Moore, Dalia, Meays, Brittney M., Madduri, Lepakshe S. V., Shahjin, Farah, Chand, Subhash, Niu, Meng, Albahrani, Abrar, Guda, Chittibabu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Autism
Biochemistry
Brain
Brain research
Cell cycle
Cell differentiation
Cell lines
Cell proliferation
Cloning
Conditioning
Differentiation
Evolution
Fibroblasts
MicroRNA
miRNA
Mutation
Neural stem cells
Neurons
Oligonucleotides
Pluripotency
Primates
Stem cell research
Stem cell transplantation
Stem cells
Transmission electron microscopy
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Summary:The identification of several evolutionary young miRNAs, which arose in primates, raised several possibilities for the role of such miRNAs in human-specific disease processes. We previously have identified an evolutionary young miRNA, miR-1290, to be essential in neural stem cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation. Here, we show that miR-1290 is significantly downregulated during neuronal differentiation in reprogrammed induced pluripotent stem cell- (iPSC-) derived neurons obtained from idiopathic autism spectrum disorder (ASD) patients. Further, we identified that miR-1290 is actively released into extracellular vesicles. Supplementing ASD patient-derived neural stem cells (NSCs) with conditioned media from differentiated control-NSCs spiked with “artificial EVs” containing synthetic miR-1290 oligonucleotides significantly rescued differentiation deficits in ASD cell lines. Based on our earlier published study and the observations from the data presented here, we conclude that miR-1290 regulation could play a critical role during neuronal differentiation in early brain development.
ISSN:1687-966X
1687-9678
1687-9678
DOI:10.1155/2019/8710180