Trends in bacterial resistance in a tertiary university hospital over one decade

• Published in: The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases 2013-07, Vol.17 (4), p.480-482
• Main Authors: Rubio, Fernando Góngora, Oliveira, Viviane Decicera Colombo, Rangel, Regina Mara Custódio, Nogueira, Mara Corrêa Lelles, Almeida, Margarete Teresa Gottardo
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Antibiotics; Bacteria; Brazil; Brief Communication; Care and treatment; Causes of; Cross infection; Dosage and administration; Drug resistance; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Drug therapy; Forecasts and trends; Gram-Positive Bacteria - drug effects; Gram-Positive Bacteria - isolation & purification; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections - microbiology; Health aspects; Hospitals, University; Humans; INFECTIOUS DISEASES; Intensive Care Units - statistics & numerical data; Multiresistance; Nosocomial infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Tertiary Healthcare; Trends
• ISSN: 1413-8670; 1678-4391; 1678-4391
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2012.12.004

The objective of this study was to investigate bacterial resistance trends, infection sites and the relationship between resistance and admittance to the intensive care unit (ICU). A total of 53,316 bacteria identified between 1999 and 2008 were evaluated. Multidrug resistance was characterized when gram-negative bacilli (GNB) presented resistance to two or more classes of antibiotics. Gram-positive cocci (CPC) were assessed for resistance to penicillin, oxacillin and vancomycin. GNB were the most common (66.1%) isolate. There was a 3.7-fold overall increase in multidrug resistant GNB over the study period; Acinetobacter baumanii and Staphylococcus aureus were the most prevalent. Highest increases were recorded for Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.6-fold) and enterococci (73-fold). The resistance rates for GNB and GPC were 36% and 51.7%, respectively. Most multidrug resistant GNB and GPC were recovered from ICU patients (p-value