Alfalfa-containing diets alter luminal microbiota structure and short chain fatty acid sensing in the caecal mucosa of pigs

• Published in: Journal of animal science and biotechnology 2018-01, Vol.9 (1), p.11-11, Article 11
• Main Authors: Wang, Jiawei, Qin, Chunfu, He, Ting, Qiu, Kai, Sun, Wenjuan, Zhang, Xin, Jiao, Ning, Zhu, Weiyun, Yin, Jingdong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acidiphilium; Acinetobacter; alfalfa; Alfalfa meal; body weight changes; butyrates; cecum; China; Corynebacterium; Desulfovibrio; dietary fiber; digesta; feed intake; gene expression; genes; Growing pigs; hindgut; ingestion; Insoluble fiber; Lachnospira; messenger RNA; Microbiota; microorganisms; mucosa; pastures; population growth; pork; Propionibacterium; Pseudomonas; ribosomal RNA; satiety; SCFA; short chain fatty acids; Staphylococcus; swine; swine feeding
• ISSN: 1674-9782; 2049-1891; 2049-1891
• DOI: 10.1186/s40104-017-0216-y

Pork produced by outdoor-reared pigs raised mostly on alfalfa pastures attracts increasing population of consumer from most of the world. In China, pigs were raised with alfalfa-containing diets to seek for good quality pork. However, the influence of dietary alfalfa involving high level of insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) on pig intestinal luminal microbiota composition remains unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of alfalfa on luminal microbiota and short chain fatty acids (SCFA) production, and gene expressions involved in SCFA sensing, transporting and absorbing in pig caecal mucosa. Twenty-four growing pigs were randomly allotted to four diets containing 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% alfalfa meal for a 28-d experiment. Ingestion of alfalfa meal-contained diets significantly increased the ratio of body weight gain to feed consumption. Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the V3 region of the 16S rRNA genes showed that alfalfa-containing diet significantly decreased the relative abundance of genera , , , , , , , and , and increased the relative abundance of genera , , and in the caecal digesta. Butyrate concentration was significantly increased in the hindgut by the supplementation of alfalfa meal in diets. The mRNA gene expressions of , , , , and were significantly increased in the caecal mucosa of pigs fed alfalfa meal. Our results suggested that alfalfa-containing diet has exerted significant impacts on caecal microbiota composition, butyrate concentration and significantly upregulated mRNA expression of host caecal mucosal genes involved in SCFA sensing and absorption as well as regulation of satiety.