Wireless Sensor Networks for Precision Agriculture: A Review of NPK Sensor Implementations

The integration of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) into agricultural areas has had a significant impact and has provided new, more complex, efficient, and structured solutions for enhancing crop production. This study reviews the role of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in monitoring the macronutrien...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2023-12, Vol.24 (1), p.51
Main Authors: Musa, Purnawarman, Sugeru, Herik, Wibowo, Eri Prasetyo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agricultural land
Agricultural production
Agriculture
Analysis
Crop yields
Fertilizers
Horticulture
Innovations
Internet of Things
macro–micro nutrients
Nitrogen
nutrient sensor
Nutrients
Phosphorus
Plant growth
Potassium
Review
Sensors
soil nutrient assessment
Wireless sensor networks
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Summary:The integration of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) into agricultural areas has had a significant impact and has provided new, more complex, efficient, and structured solutions for enhancing crop production. This study reviews the role of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in monitoring the macronutrient content of plants. This review study focuses on identifying the types of sensors used to measure macronutrients, determining sensor placement within agricultural areas, implementing wireless technology for sensor communication, and selecting device transmission intervals and ratings. The study of NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) monitoring using sensor technology in precision agriculture is of high significance in efforts to improve agricultural productivity and efficiency. Incorporating Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) into the ongoing progress of proposed sensor node placement design has been a significant facet of this study. Meanwhile, the assessment based on soil samples analyzed for macronutrient content, conducted directly in relation to the comparison between the NPK sensors deployed in this research and the laboratory control sensors, reveals an error rate of 8.47% and can be deemed as a relatively satisfactory outcome. In addition to fostering technological innovations and precision farming solutions, in future this research aims to increase agricultural yields, particularly by enabling the cultivation of certain crops in locations different from their original ones.
ISSN:1424-8220
1424-8220
DOI:10.3390/s24010051