Molar pregnancy unveiled by DNA profiling: a rare forensic case study

• Published in: Egyptian journal of forensic sciences 2022-11, Vol.12 (1), p.1-6, Article 49
• Main Authors: Pande, Amulya, Daware, Sudhakar, Thakare, Vijay, Mahajan, Vaishali, Dikshit, Ankita, Dhawane, Mitali
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Capillary electrophoresis; DNA fingerprints; Forensic Medicine; Forensic sciences; Genetic testing; Genotype & phenotype; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Original Article; Paternity; Pathology; POCSO Act; Polymerase chain reaction; Pregnancy; Sex crimes; STR analysis; Vesicular mole/hydatidiform mole
• ISSN: 2090-5939; 2090-536X; 2090-5939
• DOI: 10.1186/s41935-022-00311-4

Background Forensic DNA analysis is one of the most advanced tools in the criminal investigation. It is used successfully in solving offenses involving rape, paternity disputes, murder or attempt to murder, and dacoity as well as identification of mutilated body remains. DNA profiling is used to determine paternity in sexual offense cases where abortion takes place and the product of conception can be anywhere from 6 to 10 weeks of gestation to 8 months. In the present case, a tissue sample stated as a vesicular mole and blood samples of the mother and suspected father were submitted to the DNA division of our laboratory for paternity analysis. Results Genotyping results revealed a single allele at all the tested short tandem repeat (STR) loci. The allele obtained at each locus was common with the suspected father. Such type of genotype was very rare and not observed earlier; therefore, repeated analysis was done and the same genotype was obtained every time. DNA profiling revealed all the alleles in the vesicular mole to be of paternal origin only, devoid of any maternal alleles. After referring to books on gynecology, it was confirmed that the genotype obtained was of hydatidiform mole. Conclusions In this POCSO Act case, the product of conception (about 1.5 months old) was termed a vesicular mole, and blood samples of the mother and suspected father were sent for the DNA paternity test. STR profiling of the product of conception sample displayed no maternal tissue contamination and non-inheritance of maternal alleles, showing the case to be of molar pregnancy also called hydatidiform mole, a very rare phenomenon in the forensic scenario. After thorough analysis, the case was reported and it was the first of its kind to be reported in a forensic laboratory in Maharashtra, India.