Genital Tract Infections in an Isolated Community: 100 Women of the Príncipe Island

• Published in: Infectious diseases in obstetrics and gynecology 2017, Vol.2017 (2017), p.1-6
• Main Authors: Donders, Gilbert G. G., Broeck, Davy Vanden, Saldanha, Conceição, Sousa, Carlos, Bellen, Gert, Grinceviciene, Svitrigaile, Vieira-Baptista, Pedro, Bogers, John-Paul
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Chlamydia Infections - epidemiology; Chlamydia Infections - microbiology; Cross-Sectional Studies; Distribution; Female; Gonorrhea - epidemiology; Gonorrhea - microbiology; HIV Infections - epidemiology; HIV Infections - virology; Host-parasite relationships; Humans; Medical examination; Medical research; Medicine, Experimental; Medicine, Preventive; Microbiota; Middle Aged; Papillomaviridae - genetics; Papillomaviridae - isolation & purification; Papillomavirus Infections - epidemiology; Papillomavirus Infections - virology; Pregnancy; Prevalence; Preventive health services; Reproductive Tract Infections - epidemiology; Reproductive Tract Infections - microbiology; Sao Tome and Principe - epidemiology; Sexually transmitted diseases; Sexually Transmitted Diseases - epidemiology; Sexually Transmitted Diseases - microbiology; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - epidemiology; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms - virology; Vagina; Vagina - microbiology; Vaginitis - epidemiology; Vaginitis - microbiology; Vaginosis, Bacterial - epidemiology; Vaginosis, Bacterial - microbiology; Young Adult
• ISSN: 1064-7449; 1098-0997
• DOI: 10.1155/2017/3058569

Objective. To characterize the vaginal microbiome and the rate of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the women of Príncipe (São Tomé and Príncipe). Methods. Cross-sectional study of 100 consecutive women, invited for a free appointment and cervical cancer screening. A vaginal slide (wet mount microscopy) and a cervical sample (ThinPrep®) (Pap test, high risk human papillomavirus [HR-HPV], N. gonorrhea [NG], T. vaginalis [TV], and C. trachomatis [CT]) were obtained. Results. TV, NG, CT, and HIV were found in 8.0%, 2.0%, 3.0%, and 2.0%, respectively, and were more prevalent in younger women. HR-HPV was positive in 36.7%; 2 were positive for HPV18, but none for HPV16. Coinfection of HPV with other STIs was 8.3%. Prevalence of abnormal vaginal flora (AVF) was 82.5%, mostly bacterial vaginosis (BV) 54.6%, and moderate/severe aerobic vaginitis (msAV) 25.8%. HR-HPV was not related to BV (p=0.67). The association of abnormal Pap test with msAV was not significant (p=0.08). Conclusion. The prevalence of NG, CT, TV, and HR-HPV was according to expected, while that of HR-AVF was higher. The surprisingly low prevalence of HPV16 and HPV18 must be considered in the design of programs for prevention and vaccination; this setting can be useful as a model for postvaccination scenarios.