A Multi-Objective Life Cycle Optimization Model of an Integrated Algal Biorefinery toward a Sustainable Circular Bioeconomy Considering Resource Recirculation

Biofuel production from microalgae biomass has been considered a viable alternative to harmful fossil fuels; however, challenges are faced regarding its economic sustainability. Process integration to yield various high-value bioproducts is implemented to raise profitability and sustainability. By i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Energies (Basel) 2021-03, Vol.14 (5), p.1416
Main Authors: Solis, Celine Marie A., San Juan, Jayne Lois G., Mayol, Andres Philip, Sy, Charlle L., Ubando, Aristotle T., Culaba, Alvin B.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algae
algal biofuel
algal biorefinery
Alternative energy sources
Biodiesel fuels
Biofuels
Biomass
Charcoal
Economic conditions
Economics
Emissions
End of life
Environmental impact
Fertilizers
Fossil fuels
Glycerol
Greenhouse gases
life cycle optimization
Linear programming
mixed integer nonlinear programming
Multiple objective analysis
Optimization
Optimization models
Product life cycle
Profits
Resource recovery
Sustainability
Sustainable yield
Systems design
Waste management
Water treatment
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Summary:Biofuel production from microalgae biomass has been considered a viable alternative to harmful fossil fuels; however, challenges are faced regarding its economic sustainability. Process integration to yield various high-value bioproducts is implemented to raise profitability and sustainability. By incorporating a circular economy outlook, recirculation of resource flows is maximized to yield economic and environmental benefits through waste minimization. However, previous modeling studies have not looked into the opportunity of integrating productivity reduction related to the continuous recirculation and reuse of resources until it reaches its end of life. In this work, a novel multi-objective optimization model is developed centered on an algal biorefinery that simultaneously optimizes cost and environmental impact, adopts the principle of resource recovery and recirculation, and incorporates the life cycle assessment methodology to properly account for the environmental impacts of the system. An algal biorefinery involving end-products such as biodiesel, glycerol, biochar, and fertilizer was used for a case study to validate the optimization model. The generated optimal results are assessed and further analyzed through scenario analysis. It was seen that demand fluctuations and process unit efficiencies have significant effect on the optimal results.
ISSN:1996-1073
1996-1073
DOI:10.3390/en14051416