Dietary habits, oral impact on daily performance and type 2 diabetes: a matched case-control study from Sudan

• Published in: Health and quality of life outcomes 2017-05, Vol.15 (1), p.111-111, Article 111
• Main Authors: Mohamed, Hasaan G, Mustafa, Kamal, Ibrahim, Salah O, Åstrøm, Anne N
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Analysis; Bleeding; Bread; Cancer; Cardiovascular disease; Case-Control Studies; Chronic illnesses; Demographics; Dental caries; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet; Eggs; Feeding Behavior; Female; Food; Food consumption; Food-frequency questionnaire; Fruits; Habits; Health risk assessment; Health Status; Hospitals; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Influence; Male; Meat; Metabolism; Middle Aged; Milk; Mobility; Nutrition research; OHRQoL; Oral diseases; Oral Health; Oral hygiene; Plaque index; Public health; Quality of Life; Questionnaires; Sociodemographics; Sudan; Surveys and Questionnaires; Teeth; Type 2 diabetes; Vegetables
• ISSN: 1477-7525; 1477-7525
• DOI: 10.1186/s12955-017-0686-9

It is evident that social and behavioural factors influence on individuals' general health and quality of life. Nevertheless, information about the influence of dietary habits on oral health-related quality of life is limited; especially among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of this study was to examine the influence of dietary habits and clinical oral health indicators on oral health-related quality of life in individuals with and without T2D. A total of 149 T2D cases and 298 controls were recruited for this age and gender matched case-control study. Questionnaire-guided interviews were conducted to collect data about socio-demographic characteristics, consumption of food items per week (milk, meat, eggs, vegetables, fruits, sweets and bread) and oral impact on daily performance (OIDP). Plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing depth, tooth mobility, decayed, missing and filled teeth index (DMFT) and root caries were recorded. Difficulty with eating and sleeping were more frequently reported by T2D cases (23.5% and 16.1%, respectively) than by the controls (10.7% and 5.0%, respectively) (P  0). The corresponding ORs were 1.23 (1.01-4.89) and 2.10 (1.08-4.09), respectively. Participants with low consumption of meat and vegetables were more likely than their counterparts with high consumption to report any oral impact. The corresponding ORs were 0.46 (0.25-0.83) and 0.38 (0.17-0.87), respectively. There was a significant interaction between diabetic status and meat consumption as well as between diabetic status and bread consumption. Oral impacts were more frequently reported in T2D cases than controls. Independent of diabetic- and oral clinical status, dietary habits discriminated between individuals with and without oral impacts. The influence of meat and bread consumption on OIDP varied significantly according to T2D status.